Laparoscopically assisted vaginal resection of rectovaginal endometriosis

Abstract

Background: We wanted to establish a technique of laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal surgery for deep endometriosis of the rectovaginal septum with extensive rectal involvement. Technique: The procedure is started by vaginally excising the involved area which is left on the rectum, followed by bilateral dissection of the pararectal and retrorectal spaces. Para- and retrosigmoido-rectal spaces are developed laparoscopically along the coccygeosacral bone and medially to the pelvic splanchnic nerves toward the para- and retrorectal openings that were made transvaginally. Rectal transection is done with a laparoscopic stapling device caudal to the endometriotic lesion. Using a suprapubic minilaparotomy, the bowel is transected cranial to the lesion and reintroduced into the abdomen, and a transanal circular stapler anastomosis is done. Experience: Thirty-four women had this procedure. The mean distance of the anastomosis was 4 cm above the anus. None required ileostomy or colostomy and no major complications were noted. Conclusion: The combination of laparoscopic and vaginal approaches is useful for removing extensive endometriotic infiltration of the rectosigmoid; bladder and rectal function and fertility can be preserved.