Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Neuroprotective Activities of Extracts from Fruits Native to the Amazon Region: A Review

Abstract

The Amazon forest has the largest biome on the planet, and it is estimated that only 16 to 20% of the identified animal, and plant biodiversity. Considering plant diversity, we will highlight the biological properties of the fruits extracts of Arecaceae, Caryocaraceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Sapindaceae, and Solanaceae’s families due to their significant biological actions. This review presents the antioxidant, glycemic control, and neuroprotective activities from ten fruit extracts distributed in six botanical families in the Amazon region. We obtained 801 publications (described from 2010 to 2020), of which 64 articles were selected by the benchmark previously chosen. The antioxidant effect was the dominant effect observed in the studies used for this review, followed by glycemic control and protective actions in neurons. This review provides a synopsis of the recent literature exploring the extracts from native fruits to the Amazon region that could efficiently prevent pathologies associated with oxidative stress, and cellular maintenance mechanisms.