Monodispersed hierarchical Co3O4spheres intertwined with carbon nanotubes for use as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries

Abstract

Monodispersed hierarchical Co₃O₄ spheres with a uniform particle size distribution were intertwined with carbon nanotubes to form a (Co₃O₄@CNTs) composite. The composite shows excellent cycling and rate performance with a capacity of up to 230 and 184 mA h g⁻¹ at currents of 1600 and 3200 mA g⁻¹, respectively, which is likely attributed to the formation of mixed conducting networks of both Na⁺ ions and electrons.