Surface temperature gradients at the antarctic convergence

Abstract

Graphs of surface temperature gradients across the circumpolar zone of mixing between Antarctic and Subantarctic Waters have been drawn from observations by scientific expeditions and United States naval and coastguard vessels. Seasonal and latitudinal variations of the middle temperatures and ranges of these gradients are discussed. There are sufficient observations to define variations with latitude over the seven months, October to April, during which the greatest changes occur. Observations in high latitudes have been made south of New Zealand; the addition of these to previous observations at lower latitudes allows a more balanced assessment to be made of surface temperatures of the Antarctic Convergence.