Association between muscular strength and mortality in men: prospective cohort study
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 1 July 2008
- Vol. 337 (jul01 2), a439
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a439
Abstract
Objective To examine prospectively the association between muscular strength and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Aerobics centre longitudinal study. Participants 8762 men aged 20-80. Main outcome measures All cause mortality up to 31 December 2003; muscular strength, quantified by combining one repetition maximal measures for leg and bench presses and further categorised as age specific thirds of the combined strength variable; and cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by a maximal exercise test on a treadmill. Results During an average follow-up of 18.9 years, 503 deaths occurred (145 cardiovascular disease, 199 cancer). Age adjusted death rates per 10 000 person years across incremental thirds of muscular strength were 38.9, 25.9, and 26.6 for all causes; 12.1, 7.6, and 6.6 for cardiovascular disease; and 6.1, 4.9, and 4.2 for cancer (all P<0.01 for linear trend). After adjusting for age, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, baseline medical conditions, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hazard ratios across incremental thirds of muscular strength for all cause mortality were 1.0 (referent), 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.58 to 0.90), and 0.77 (0.62 to 0.96); for death from cardiovascular disease were 1.0 (referent), 0.74 (0.50 to 1.10), and 0.71 (0.47 to 1.07); and for death from cancer were 1.0 (referent), 0.72 (0.51 to 1.00), and 0.68 (0.48 to 0.97). The pattern of the association between muscular strength and death from all causes and cancer persisted after further adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness; however, the association between muscular strength and death from cardiovascular disease was attenuated after further adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusion Muscular strength is inversely and independently associated with death from all causes and cancer in men, even after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness and other potential confounders.Keywords
This publication has 48 references indexed in Scilit:
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Adiposity as Mortality Predictors in Older AdultsJAMA, 2007
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of Nonfatal Cardiovascular Disease in Women and Men With HypertensionAmerican Journal of Hypertension, 2007
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Predictor of Nonfatal Cardiovascular Events in Asymptomatic Women and MenAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, 2007
- Quadriceps strength predicts mortality in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax, 2007
- Hand Span Influences Optimal Grip Span in Male and Female TeenagersThe Journal of Hand Surgery, 2006
- Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and adiposity: contributions to disease riskCurrent Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2006
- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004JAMA, 2006
- Body-Mass Index and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of U.S. AdultsThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1999
- Physical Fitness as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in Asymptomatic North American MenThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1988
- A comparative analysis of four protocols for maximal treadmill stress testingAmerican Heart Journal, 1976