A Comparative Study of Cultured Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Injury, Utilizing Glycated Low Density Lipoproteins with Slight Oxidation, Auto-oxidation, or Extensive Oxidation
Open Access
- 1 January 2000
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Japan Atherosclerosis Society in Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
- Vol. 7 (3), 132-137
- https://doi.org/10.5551/jat1994.7.132
Abstract
We investigated the influence of glycated low density lipoprotein (LDL) for vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation or injury. We utilized glycated, slightly oxidized LDL (GLDL-LOX), glycated, auto-oxidized LDL (GLDL) and glycated, metal-induced extensively oxidized LDL (GLDL-OX) to examine the effect of glycation itself or combined glycation and oxidation on SMC. GLDL-LOX induced SMC proliferation and migration, and increased the number of platelet-derived growth factor receptor, β subunits, (PDGF-R) positive SMC. Also, GLDL-LOX promoted protease activity, compared with the other groups including native LDL (control). GLDL and GLDL-OX demonstrated SMC injury with apoptosis and Bax protein expression, compared with native LDL and GLDL-LOX. These results suggested that LDL glycation contributed to the progression of atherosclerosis by promoting SMC migration and proliferation, with little dependence on oxidative modification. Secondary auto-oxidation adding to glycation induced SMC apoptosis, and SMC injury occurred in the state of strong oxidation with glycation. We concluded that LDL glycation might play a key role in the progression of atherosclerosis in diabetes, and glycated LDL promoted atherosclerosis, even with little assistance from oxidation.Keywords
This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:
- Evidence for Altered Balance Between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Aortic DiseasesCirculation, 1997
- How does Glycation Promote Oxidation?The Journal of Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 1996
- Release of superoxide radicals by mouse macrophages stimulated by oxidative modification of glycated low density lipoproteinsAtherosclerosis, 1995
- Glycation Accelerates the Oxidation of Low Density Lipoprotein by Copper Ions.Endocrine Journal, 1995
- Glycation and Diabetic ComplicationsDiabetes, 1994
- Glycated LDL Concentrations in Non-Diabetic and Diabetic Subjects Measured with Monoclonal Antibodies Reactive with Glycated Apolipoprotein B Epitopescclm, 1993
- Autoxidative Glycosylation and Possible Involvement of Peroxides and Free Radicals in LDL Modification by GlucoseDiabetes, 1990
- Role of oxidatively modified LDL in atherosclerosisFree Radical Biology & Medicine, 1990
- Modification of low density lipoprotein by endothelial cells involves lipid peroxidation and degradation of low density lipoprotein phospholipids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1984
- The WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes: 2. Macrovascular Disease PrevalenceDiabetes Care, 1979