Congenital Heart Disease and Upper-Extremity Deformities

Abstract

THE familial transmission of congenital heart disease and upper-extremity deformities was first reported by Holt and Oram¹ in 1960. Defects of the atrial septum, hand and wrist deformities and frequent bizarre arrhythmias were recorded in members of four successive generations. In 1961 McKusick² described a second family, a mother and daughter with defects of the atrial septum and hand and wrist deformities. Two years later Zetterqvist³ reported a third family, which included a mother and son with septal defects, cardiac arrhythmias and hand deformities, the mother's deformities being the more severe. A dominant mode of transmission is suggested by the . . .