Relationships among duration of infusion, dose, dosing interval, and steady-state plasma concentrations during intermittent intravenous infusions: Studies with metronidazole
- 1 February 1986
- journal article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics
- Vol. 14 (1), 95-106
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01059286
Abstract
Relationships among duration of infusion (T), dose, dosing interval (Τ), maximum and minimum plasma drug concentrations at steady state (Cmax,ssand Cmin,ss, respectively), and the duration of effective plasma concentrations (tD) during multidose intermittent infusion regimens were studied by computer simulation using metronidazoie as a model drug. Pharmacokinetic parameter values for metronidazole were obtained from the literature and the minimum effective plasma concentration (MEC) was taken as 6.0 Μg/ ml. Increasing the infusion period of the dose reduces Cmax,ss, but increases Cmin,ss. If intermittent bolus injection of a given dose of drug results in effective plasma concentrations for the entire dosage interval (i.e., Cmin,ss,bolus> MEC), then infusion of that dose over any period (T≤Τ) will also result in effective concentrations for the entire dosage interval. However, if the dosage is such that Cmin,ss,bolus < MEC, the relationships among duration of infusion, dose, dosage interval, and duration of effective plasma concentrations are complex. Therefore a nomogram was developed to allow selection of dose, dosing interval, and infusion period such that Cmax,ss and Cmin,ss could be maintained within a desired range.Keywords
This publication has 7 references indexed in Scilit:
- PharmacokineticsPublished by Taylor & Francis Ltd ,1982
- The effect of duration of intravenous infusion on maximum and threshold blood concentrations for drugs exhibiting biexponential elimination kineticsJournal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 1982
- The effect of infusion time on the time course of drug concentration in bloodJournal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 1980
- High-dose metronidazole: pharmacokinetics and bioavailability using an iv preparation and application of its use as a radiosensitizer.1980
- Calculations of optimum pharmacokinetic drug supply rates for maximum duration during multiple dose therapy by prodrug administrationInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1978
- Linear pharmacokinetic equations allowing direct calculation of many needed pharmacokinetic parameters from the coefficients and exponents of polyexponential equations which have been fitted to the dataJournal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 1976
- Susceptibility of Anaerobic Bacteria to Metronidazole: Relative Resistance of Non-Spore-Forming Gram-Positive BaccilliThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1975