MR angiography of the pedal arteries with gadobenate dimeglumine, a contrast agent with increased relaxivity, and comparison with selective intraarterial DSA

Abstract

Purpose To compare gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd‐BOPTA)–enhanced MR angiography (i.e., contrast‐enhanced MRA [CE‐MRA]) of the pedal vasculature with selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Materials and Methods A total of 22 patients with PAOD were prospectively examined at 1.5T. For contrast enhancement, 0.1 mmol/kg body weight of Gd‐BOPTA were applied. MRA consisted of dynamic imaging with acquisition of six consecutive data sets. Acquisition time for each data set was 24 seconds, voxel size was 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.3 mm³. A total of 20 out of 22 patient underwent selective DSA, two patients fine‐needle DSA. DSA and MRA were performed within seven days. Image analysis was independently done by two observers with assessment of overall image quality, motion artifacts, detection of patent vessel segments of the distal calf and pedal vessels, and the number of patent metatarsal arteries. After four weeks, a consensus reading of DSA images was done. A second consensus reading of CE‐MRA was performed after a further six weeks. Results Consensus readings of MRA and DSA revealed higher image quality and fewer motion artifacts for MRA (P = 0.021 and P = 0.008, respectively, sign test); interobserver agreement was good (κ = 0.78) for image quality, and moderate (κ = 0.46) for motion artifacts. There were no differences between CE‐MRA and DSA in detecting patent vessel segments with a high degree of agreement (κ = 0.89), and interobserver agreement for MRA was substantial (κ = 0.89). Significantly more vessels were assessed as partially occluded on DSA than on CE‐MRA (P = 0.004). There was a good agreement between DSA and CE‐MRA for assessment of relevant vessel stenosis (κ = 0.61); interobserver agreement for MRA was good (κ = 0.65). CE‐MRA detected significantly more patent metatarsal arteries than did DSA (P < 0.001). Conclusion Gd‐BOPTA–enhanced MRA is comparable to DSA for assessment of the pedal vasculature, and is able to delineate significantly more patent vessels without segmental occlusions and more metatarsal arteries than selective DSA. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007.