Anti-Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Activity of the Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor SC-560

Abstract

Background: A number of compounds were examined for their inhibitory effect on bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) replication in cell cultures and found that some cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors had antiviral activity against the virus. Methods: Determination of compounds for their anti-BVDV activity was on the basis of the inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity in Mardin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity was assessed by the inhibition of viral RNA synthesis in the subgenomic HCV RNA replicon cells. Results: Among the test compounds, 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1 H-pyrazole (SC-560) was the most active against BVDV, and its 50% effective and cytotoxic concentrations were 10.9 ±2.8 and 93.9 ±24.5 μM in virus and mock-infected MDBK cells, respectively. The compound also suppressed BVDV RNA synthesis in a dose-dependent fashion. Studies on the mechanism of action revealed that SC-560 did not interfere with viral entry to the host cells. Furthermore, it was assumed that the antiviral activity of SC-560 was not associated with its inhibitory effect on COX. The combination of SC-560 and interferon-α was additive to synergistic in inhibiting BVDV replication. More importantly, the compound proved to be a selective inhibitor of HCV replication. Conclusions: SC-560 and its derivative might have potential as novel antiviral agents against HCV.