Impacts of Morphology, Natural Organic Matter, Cations, and Ionic Strength on Sulfidation of Silver Nanowires
- 30 November 2016
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Environmental Science & Technology
- Vol. 50 (24), 13283-13290
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03034
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are being widely utilized in an increasing number of consumer products, which could release silver to aquatic environments during the use or washing process, and have received growing concerns on their potential risks to bio-organisms and humans. The present study demonstrated that AgNWs mainly experienced direct oxysulfidation by reacting with dissolved sulfide species (initial S2- concentration at 1.6 mg/L) to produce silver sulfide nanostructures under environmentally relevant conditions. Granular Ag2S nanoparticles were formed on the surface of the nanowires. The sulfidation rate constant (kAg) of AgNWs was compared with those of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at different particle sizes. It was found that the kAg positively correlated with the specific surface areas of the silver nanomaterials. Natural organic matter (NOM) suppressed the sulfidation of AgNWs to different extents depending on its concentration. Divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions) substantially accelerated the sulfidation rates of AgNWs compared to monovalent cations (Na+ and K+ ions). At the same ionic strengths, Ca2+ ions displayed the highest promoting effect among the four metallic ions.Keywords
Funding Information
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (65141011, IRT 13024)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2014CB932001)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21325730, 41501515)
- Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (15JCQNJC08600)
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