Measles vaccination in an increasingly immunized and developed world
Open Access
- 19 September 2018
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Vol. 15 (1), 28-33
- https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1517074
Abstract
Increased measles immunization has led to a significant decline in measles incidence and mortality. During 2016 it is estimated that fewer than 100,000 died from measles for the first time in recorded history. In highly immunized countries measles epidemiology has changed. Threats to national elimination goals and public health include aging cohorts of naïve people that exist from imperfect vaccination rates during the early years of immunization programs. This may be complemented by some loss of immunity in vaccinated populations. While childhood immunization must remain a focus for control efforts, due to higher mortality in the very young, these naïve adolescents and adults also accumulate as they age and add to the pool of susceptible people, perhaps beyond the view of those that are focused on childhood immunization. Here, features of measles epidemiology and control in highly immunized populations are reviewed, providing global data where necessary, to highlight why countries with high immunization coverage are still threatened by measles outbreaks and how changing dynamics may alter disease control.Keywords
This publication has 53 references indexed in Scilit:
- Economic analysis of measles elimination program in the Republic of Korea, 2001: A cost benefit analysis studyVaccine, 2013
- Are we hitting immunity targets? The 2006 age-specific seroprevalence of measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria and tetanus in BelgiumEpidemiology and Infection, 2010
- Measles Outbreak in a Highly Vaccinated Population, San Diego, 2008: Role of the Intentionally UndervaccinatedPEDIATRICS, 2010
- The Cost of Containing One Case of Measles: The Economic Impact on the Public Health Infrastructure—Iowa, 2004PEDIATRICS, 2005
- An Economic Analysis of the Current Universal 2-dose measles-mumps-rubella Vaccination Program in the United StatesThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2004
- The effect of heterogeneity in measles vaccination on population immunityEpidemiology and Infection, 2004
- The pre-vaccination epidemiology of measles, mumps and rubella in Europe: implications for modelling studiesEpidemiology and Infection, 2000
- A benefit-cost analysis of two-dose measles immunization in CanadaVaccine, 1998
- Predicting the impact of measles vaccination in England and Wales: model validation and analysis of policy optionsEpidemiology and Infection, 1995
- Measles endemicity in insular populations: Critical community size and its evolutionary implicationJournal of Theoretical Biology, 1966