Elimination Kinetics of the Tobacco-Specific Biomarker and Lung Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanol
- 1 December 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
- Vol. 18 (12), 3421-3425
- https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0874
Abstract
4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) is tobacco specific and has a longer half-life than other tobacco biomarkers studied thus far. An accurate measurement of the NNAL half-life is important for optimal use to assess exposure to tobacco smoke. We determined the half-life of NNAL in urine in eight daily smokers on a clinical research ward and in five occasional smokers in a real-life environment. Total NNAL in urine was monitored for 14 days in daily smokers after stopping smoking and for up to 60 days in occasional smokers. The average half-life for the terminal phase in the daily smoker group using a two-compartmental body model was 10.3 days (beta phase), and using a noncompartmental model, it was 9.1 days. In the occasional group, these values were 17.6 and 16.0 days, respectively. The alpha-phase half-lives were 14.3 and 27.8 hours for the two groups, respectively. The inter-subject coefficient of variation of the NNAL terminal half-life ranged from 14% to 30%, and the intra-subject coefficient of variation ranged from 3% to 18%. There was very good agreement between the plasma and urinary half-lives in two subjects with plasma analyses: 7.4 versus 7.9 days and 9.2 versus 10.7 days. Mean renal clearance of NNAL was 13 ± 2.3 mL/min. The terminal half-life of NNAL of 10 to 18 days indicates that this biomarker can be used to detect tobacco smoke exposure for 6 to 12 weeks after cessation of exposure and requires a similar time to assess the steady levels of NNAL after switching from one tobacco product to another. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(12):3421–5)This publication has 11 references indexed in Scilit:
- Population estimates for biomarkers of exposure to cigarette smoke in adult U.S. cigarette smokersNicotine & Tobacco Research, 2009
- Longer term exposure to secondhand smoke and health outcomes in COPD: Impact of urine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanolNicotine & Tobacco Research, 2009
- Urinary Levels of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamine Metabolites in Relation to Lung Cancer Development in Two Prospective Cohorts of Cigarette SmokersCancer Research, 2009
- Effects of Smoking Cessation on Eight Urinary Tobacco Carcinogen and Toxicant BiomarkersChemical Research in Toxicology, 2009
- Nicotine Chemistry, Metabolism, Kinetics and BiomarkersPublished by Springer Science and Business Media LLC ,2009
- Subpicogram per Milliliter Determination of the Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen Metabolite 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in Human Urine Using Liquid Chromatography−Tandem Mass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistry, 2008
- Human urinary carcinogen metabolites: biomarkers for investigating tobacco and cancerCarcinogenesis: Integrative Cancer Research, 2002
- Quantitation of metabolites of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone after cessation of smokeless tobacco use.2002
- Quantitation of urinary metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen after smoking cessation.1999
- Cotinine as a Biomarker of Environmental Tobacco Smoke ExposureEpidemiologic Reviews, 1996