Immunohistochemical and Molecular Studies on Malignant Transformation in Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Ovary

Abstract

Objectives:To determine a useful tumor marker for detecting squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst, and to find the molecular pathogenesis of this condition. Methods:In 4 cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst and 22 cases of dermoid cyst, we studied tissue expressions and serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), CA 19‐9 and CA 125, and the mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Results:Three of 4 malignant cases had either positive SCC expressions or elevated serum SCC levels. The mean serum SCC level in benign cases was below the cut‐off level. CA 19‐9 and CA 125 were not detected in squamous cell carcinoma. p53 overexpressions were observed in all malignancies. Conclusion:These results suggested that the serum SCC might be a useful marker for detecting squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst, and that the mutation of p53 might be one of the genetic events in the malignant transformation of a dermoid cyst.