Bioactive Compounds from the Seeds of Punica granatum (Pomegranate)

Abstract

Two new compounds, coniferyl 9-O-[β-d-apiofuranosyl(1→6)]-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and sinapyl 9-O-[β-d-apiofuranosyl(1→6)]-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated from the seeds of Punica granatum (pomegranate), together with five known compounds, 3,3‘-di-O-methylellagic acid (3), 3,3‘,4‘-tri-O-methylellagic acid (4), phenethyl rutinoside, icariside D₁, and daucosterol. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 1−4 exhibited antioxidant activity, which was evaluated by measurement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) susceptibility to oxidation and by determination in vitro of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the rat brain.