Patients with Alzheimer disease have lower levels of serum anti-amyloid peptide antibodies than healthy elderly individuals
- 12 April 2002
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Elsevier BV in Experimental Gerontology
- Vol. 37 (7), 943-948
- https://doi.org/10.1016/s0531-5565(02)00029-3
Abstract
Active immunization with the human amyloid peptide (Aβ42) or passive immunization with anti-Aβ42 antibodies protects mice that express a mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgene from cerebral amyloid deposits. If anti-Aβ42 antibodies protect APP-transgenic mice, a model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a high titer of anti-Aβ42 antibodies may protect humans from AD. The titer of anti-Aβ42 antibodies in serum from individuals with and without late onset AD was measured using an ELISA. The titer of Ig (IgM, IgG and IgA) and IgG anti-Aβ42 peptide antibodies was significantly higher in serum from elderly controls than AD patients. Furthermore, IgG but not Ig anti-Aβ42 antibodies distinguished sera from AD patients and elderly controls that did not have the apolipoprotein E4 allele. The low titer of anti-Aβ42 antibodies in AD patients does not reflect the well-established, age-associated defect in the antibody response to most protein antigens, as there was no positive correlation between the serum titer of anti-Aβ42 antibodies and anti-influenza hemagglutinin antibodies induced by influenza vaccine in elderly humans. The lower titer of serum anti-Aβ42 peptide antibodies in AD patients may reflect the reported specific impairment of helper T cell activity for B cells that produce anti-amyloid-β42 peptide antibodies in APP-transgenic mice.Keywords
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