Male urethral strictures and their management

Abstract
Male urethral strictures are common and have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life and health-care costs Studies such as retrograde urethrography, voiding cystourethrography, and intraoperative ultrasonography can be helpful for determining the best operative approach and management plan Urethral dilation and internal urethrotomy have similar rates of success, with long-term success rates of 20–30% Repeated internal urethrotomy is not clinically effective or cost-effective Long-term success rates are high for urethroplasty, generally ranging from 85–90%