The efficacy and safety of terazosin for the treatment of symptomatic BPH

Abstract

At least 16 clinical investigations have documented the effectiveness of alpha blockade for BPH. In the present review, four clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of terazosin, a selective long-acting alpha₁ blocker, for symptomatic BPH are reviewed. The unique features of these clinical investigations are: the study designs established detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria, the outcome assessments were based upon quantitative outcome parameters, large cohorts of homogeneous patients were enrolled, and appropriate statistical methods were utilized. The dose of terazosin was titrated to maximal doses ranging between 5–20 mg. Only four of the 163 patients developed orthostatic hypotension. Overall, the peak and mean uroflow rates increased 50% and 46%, respectively (P < 0.001). The cumulative improvement in the mean obstructive, irritative, and total symptom scores was 67%, 35%, and 54%, respectively (P < 0.001). The present review of terazosin in males with symptomatic BPH supports the following conclusions: (1) the dose of terazosin can be safely titrated to 10 mg in normotensive and hypertensive patients with symptomatic BPH; (2) the adverse events associated with doses of terazosin up to 10 mg are relatively mild and reversible; and (3) the improvements in the outcome parameters (symptom scores and urinary flow rates) are clinically and statistically significant. Although the ultimate role of terazosin for symptomatic BPH will be determined by multi-center randomized placebo-controlled studies, the present review provides further evidence that selective alpha₁ blockers are effective and safe for the treatment of symptomatic BPH.