Duration of antigen‐induced hyperresponsiveness in horses with allergic respiratory disease and possible links with early airway obstruction

Abstract

Fairbairn, S.M., Lees, P., Page, C.P., Cunningham, F.M. Duration of antigen‐induced hyperresponsiveness in horses with allergic respiratory disease and possible links with early airway obstruction. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 16, 469–476. Antigen‐induced airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic horses has previously been demonstrated when clinical signs of acute airway obstruction were apparent, as a consequence of exposure of animals to hay and straw for variable periods of time, and repeat measurements of hyperresponsiveness have been made no earlier than 1 week after challenge. In the present study airway responsiveness to methacholine has been measured in normal horses and allergic horses in clinical remission before and 24, 48 and 72 h after a hay and straw challenge of fixed, short, duration (7 h). Correlations between early increases in interpleural pressure and hyperresponsiveness have also been investigated. As in other studies, the mean airway responsiveness of groups of normal and allergic horses in clinical remission was not significantly different. The responsiveness to methacholine of allergic, but not normal, horses was increased after antigen challenge and was significantly greater than that of normal horses at 48 and 72 h after challenge (log PD_{8 cm}: ‐0.77 ± 0.28 vs. 0.27 ± 0.14 at 48 h and ‐0.6 ± 0.25 vs. 044 ± 01 at 72 h; P < 0.05). There was also a significant correlation between interpleural presssure at the end of the 7‐h challenge in allergic horses and the increase in responsiveness to methacholine at 24, 48 and 72 h. These results demonstrate that antigen induces an increase in airway responsiveness in allergic horses that persists for up to 3 days and which may be linked to the initial increase in interpleural pressure.