Diabetes in the dental office: using NHANES III to estimate the probability of undiagnosed disease

Abstract

Background and Objective: Recent data have suggested that in the past 15 years there has been a dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the USA. However, evidence suggests that approximately one-third of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed. Because 60% of Americans see a dentist at least once per year for routine, nonemergent, care, it is reasonable to propose that the dental office can be a healthcare location actively involved in screening for unidentified diabetes. Material and Methods: This study used NHANES III to develop a predictive equation that can form the basis of a tool to help dentists determine the probability of undiagnosed diabetes by using self-reported data and periodontal clinical parameters routinely assessed in the dental office. Results: Our analyses reveal that individuals with a self-reported family history of diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol levels and clinical evidence of periodontal disease bear a probability of 27–53% of having undiagnosed diabetes, with Mexican–American men exhibiting the highest probability and white women the lowest. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the dental office could provide an important opportunity to identify individuals unaware of their diabetic status.