Phase I Study of Weekly Mitoxantrone and Docetaxel before Prostatectomy in Patients with High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer
- 15 February 2004
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Clinical Cancer Research
- Vol. 10 (4), 1306-1311
- https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-1021-03
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose is to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of mitoxantrone and docetaxel administered weekly before prostatectomy in men with localized prostate cancer at high risk for recurrence. Experimental Design: Twenty-two patients were treated with four cycles of docetaxel 35 mg/m2 and increasing doses of mitoxantrone starting at 2 mg/m2 repeated weekly for 3 weeks of a 4-week cycle before prostatectomy. The MTD was defined as that dose at which fewer than one-third of patients experienced a DLT (≥grade 4 hematological or ≥grade 3 nonhematological toxicity). Changes in serum prostate-specific antigen and serum testosterone, and pathological outcome with surgery were secondary endpoints. Results: The MTD for mitoxantrone in combination with this dose of docetaxel was 4 mg/m2. Neutropenia was the DLT for the combination. Ten of 12 patients treated at the MTD completed the planned 16 weeks of chemotherapy, whereas 2 discontinued therapy early because of toxicity. The median reduction in PSA was 41% (range, 4–88%). Serum testosterone levels remained constant postchemotherapy. Conclusions: In this patient population, the planned Phase II regimen is 4 mg/m2 mitoxantrone and 35 mg/m2 docetaxel weekly for 3 of every 4 weeks. Delivery of this regimen before prostatectomy is feasible with acceptable toxicity. Additional studies are needed to determine whether this combined modality approach will reduce cancer recurrence rates in this high-risk population. Because extent of disease and exposure to prior therapy may impact treatment tolerance these safety data may not be applicable to patients with advanced prostate cancer.Keywords
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