Recurrent pregnancy loss: A disease of inflammation and coagulation
- 1 August 2009
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
- Vol. 35 (4), 609-622
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.2009.01079.x
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the most common obstetrical complications. Multiple etiologies, such as endocrine, anatomic, genetic, hematological and immunological causes have been reported for this devastating disease. However, over half of the cases remain unexplained. Thrombotic/inflammatory processes are often observed at the maternal‐fetal interface as the final pathological assault in many cases of RPL, including those of unexplained etiologies. In the present paper, cellular immune responses (T, natural killer [NK], natural killer‐T [NKT], regulatory T [Treg] cells and their cytokines) and autoimmune abnormalities of women with RPL are reviewed. In addition, metabolic diseases and hematological conditions which often lead to thrombotic/inflammatory conditions are discussed in association with RPL. Finally, current therapeutic options for RPL are reviewed.Keywords
This publication has 103 references indexed in Scilit:
- Identification of a receptor required for the anti-inflammatory activity of IVIGProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008
- T cell apoptosis at the maternal–fetal interface in early human pregnancy, involvement of galectin-1Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008
- Antiphospholipid antibodies and pregnancy loss: a disorder of inflammationJournal of Reproductive Immunology, 2008
- Chapter 8 The Role of NKT Cells in Tumor ImmunityAdvances in Cancer Research, 2008
- Dysregulation of the expression and secretion of inflammation-related adipokines by hypoxia in human adipocytesPflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2007
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin Inhibits Natural Killer Cell Activity In Vivo in Women With Recurrent Spontaneous AbortionAmerican Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 1996
- Elevated Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells Are Effectively Downregulated by Immunoglobulin G Infusion in Women With Recurrent Spontaneous AbortionsAmerican Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 1996
- Effect of high doses of intravenously administered immune globulin on natural killer cell activity in peripheral bloodThe Journal of Pediatrics, 1992
- Incidence of Spontaneous Abortion among Normal Women and Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Women Whose Pregnancies Were Identified within 21 Days of ConceptionThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1988
- Transient Reversal of Thrombocytopenia in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura by High-Dose Intravenous Gamma GlobulinThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1982