Synthesis of 4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazaisowurtzitane (TEX) Using Heteropolyacids as Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalysts

Abstract

4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazaisowurtzitane (TEX) is well known as an efficient explosive compound. It is usually prepared via nitration of a precursor with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid. However, there are many difficulties with the use of old methods, such as strong acidic and thermal conditions, which cause product decomposition, low yields, hazardous wastes, and product separation difficulties. In this article, the use of an efficient catalytic and mild reaction conditions for TEX synthesis is reported for the first time. It has been well documented that heteropolyacids (HPAs) are efficient green catalysts for use as a nitric acid activator. This strategy provided milder and higher yield conditions for nitration reactions. In addition, the reactions can be reasonably run at lower temperatures in a short time.