Identification of the Envelope V3 Loop as the Primary Determinant of Cell Tropism in HIV-1
- 5 July 1991
- journal article
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science
- Vol. 253 (5015), 71-74
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1905842
Abstract
Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in vivo. However, many laboratory strains of HIV-1 that efficiently infect transformed T cell lines replicate poorly in macrophages. A 20-amino acid sequence from the macrophage-tropic BaL isolate of HIV-1 was sufficient to confer macrophage tropism on HTLV-IIIB, a T cell line--tropic isolate. This small sequence element is in the V3 loop, the envelope domain that is the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1. Thus, the V3 loop not only serves as a target of the host immune response but is also pivotal in determining HIV-1 tissue tropism.Keywords
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