Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is increased in lung lavage fluid from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
- 1 March 2003
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Critical Care Medicine
- Vol. 31 (3), 770-775
- https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000053647.82608.29
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a proinflammatory phospholipid that may contribute to inflammation in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) degrades PAF and regulates its biological activity. We characterized PAF-AH in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from ARDS patients (n = 33, 22 survivors), patients at risk for ARDS (n = 6), and healthy controls (n = 6). Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed during acute ( or = 14 days) phases of ARDS. Intubated patients with ARDS or a risk factor for ARDS. In ARDS, total bronchoalveolar lavage PAF-AH activity was markedly increased in the acute phase (87 +/- 89 mU/mL, n = 33) and then decreased in the plateau (23 +/- 14 mU/mL, n = 10) and late phases (19 +/- 14 mU/mL, n = 7) (p = .003). Total bronchoalveolar lavage PAF-AH activity during the acute phase of ARDS was also increased as compared with patients at risk for ARDS (16 +/- 13 mU/mL, n = 6) and healthy controls (3 +/- 3 mU/mL, n = 6) (p < .001). In contrast, plasma PAF-AH activities were the same in controls (3215 +/- 858 mU/mL, n = 6), in patients at risk for ARDS (3606 +/- 1607 mU/mL, n = 6), and during the acute phase of ARDS (3098 +/- 2395 mU/mL, n = 33) (p = .18). PAF-AH mRNA was present in alveolar macrophages in the acute phase of ARDS (five of six) and in at-risk patients (two of three) but not in healthy controls. PAF-AH activity is increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with ARDS. Likely sources include leakage of plasma PAF-AH into alveoli or release of PAF-AH from injured cells; however, the presence of PAF-AH mRNA in alveolar macrophages suggests that PAF-AH may be actively synthesized in the lungs of patients with ARDS. PAF-AH activity in the lungs of ARDS patients may regulate inflammation caused by PAF and related oxidized phospholipids generated in the inflammatory response.Keywords
This publication has 19 references indexed in Scilit:
- The platelet-activating factor signaling system and its regulators in syndromes of inflammation and thrombosisCritical Care Medicine, 2002
- Platelet-activating factor mediates acid-induced lung injury in genetically engineered miceJCI Insight, 1999
- Platelet-activating Factor AcetylhydrolasesPublished by Elsevier BV ,1997
- Proteins and phospholipids in BAL from patients with hydrostatic pulmonary edema.American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1997
- Platelet‐activating factor: a mediator for cliniciansJournal of Internal Medicine, 1995
- Anti-inflammatory properties of a platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolaseNature, 1995
- Platelet‐activating factor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndromeClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1992
- Platelet-activating Factor: Role in Pulmonary Injury and Dysfunction and Blood AbnormalitiesAmerican Review of Respiratory Disease, 1992
- Platelet-activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Increases during Macrophage DifferentiationPublished by Elsevier BV ,1989
- Platelet-activating factor mediates hemodynamic changes and lung injury in endotoxin-treated rats.JCI Insight, 1987