Timely prediction potential of landslide early warning systems with multispectral remote sensing: a conceptual approach tested in the Sattelkar, Austria
Open Access
- 8 September 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Copernicus GmbH in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
- Vol. 21 (9), 2753-2772
- https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-2753-2021
Abstract
While optical remote sensing has demonstrated its capabilities for landslide detection and monitoring, spatial and temporal demands for landslide early warning systems (LEWSs) had not been met until recently. We introduce a novel conceptual approach to structure and quantitatively assess lead time for LEWSs. We analysed “time to warning” as a sequence: (i) time to collect, (ii) time to process and (iii) time to evaluate relevant optical data. The difference between the time to warning and “forecasting window” (i.e. time from hazard becoming predictable until event) is the lead time for reactive measures. We tested digital image correlation (DIC) of best-suited spatiotemporal techniques, i.e. 3 m resolution PlanetScope daily imagery and 0.16 m resolution unmanned aerial system (UAS)-derived orthophotos to reveal fast ground displacement and acceleration of a deep-seated, complex alpine mass movement leading to massive debris flow events. The time to warning for the UAS/PlanetScope totals 31/21 h and is comprised of time to (i) collect – 12/14 h, (ii) process – 17/5 h and (iii) evaluate – 2/2 h, which is well below the forecasting window for recent benchmarks and facilitates a lead time for reactive measures. We show optical remote sensing data can support LEWSs with a sufficiently fast processing time, demonstrating the feasibility of optical sensors for LEWSs.Keywords
This publication has 55 references indexed in Scilit:
- Changes in Climate Extremes and their Impacts on the Natural Physical EnvironmentPublished by Cambridge University Press (CUP) ,2012
- Sentinel-2: ESA's Optical High-Resolution Mission for GMES Operational ServicesRemote Sensing of Environment, 2012
- Is climate change responsible for changing landslide activity in high mountains?Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2011
- Scale in GIS: An overviewGeomorphology, 2011
- Multitemporal laser scanner-based observation of the Mt. Vesuvius crater: Characterization of overall geometry and recognition of landslide eventsISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2011
- Sub-pixel precision image matching for measuring surface displacements on mass movements using normalized cross-correlationRemote Sensing of Environment, 2011
- The Swiss flood and landslide damage database 1972–2007Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2009
- Capturing landslide dynamics and hydrologic triggers using near-real-time monitoringPublished by Taylor & Francis Ltd ,2008
- Remote-sensing techniques for analysing landslide kinematics: a reviewBSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin, 2007
- HISTALP—historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the Greater Alpine RegionInternational Journal of Climatology, 2006