Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia and associated mortality
- 24 September 2007
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Diabetic Medicine
- Vol. 24 (10), 1168-1171
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02234.x
Abstract
Background Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered to be more susceptible to several types of infections, including community‐acquired pneumonia. However, it is not clear whether DM is a risk factor for development of hospital‐acquired pneumonia (HAP), an infection with considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Methods We searched PubMed for relevant publications that included data on the possible association between DM and HAP. Cohort studies, case–control studies and observational studies were included in this analysis. Two of the authors performed the literature search independently. Results We identified 84 studies designed to identify risk factors and predictors of mortality as a result of HAP. Of these, 13 studied patients in the ward or intensive care unit (ICU), 28 studied patients treated in the ICU only, and 44 studied patients with ventilator‐associated pneumonia. Only 14 considered the role of DM for this nosocomial complication. The reviewed data suggest that DM is not a risk factor for development of HAP in patients who require ICU treatment. In addition, patients with DM are not at increased risk for development of ventilator‐associated pneumonia. Moreover, DM is not a prognostic factor for mortality in patients with HAP based on data from two out of 84 identified studies that provided relevant information. Conclusions There is a relative scarcity of studies examining DM as a potential risk factor for HAP. Our analysis of the available data supports the conclusion that DM is not a risk factor for development of HAP and mortality associated with this nosocomial infection.Keywords
This publication has 22 references indexed in Scilit:
- Risk and prognostic factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma patientsCritical Care Medicine, 2006
- Risk factors of mortality for nosocomial pneumonia: importance of initial anti-microbial therapyInternational Journal of Clinical Practice, 2005
- Outcome and attributable cost of ventilator-associated pneumonia among intensive care unit patients in a suburban medical center*Critical Care Medicine, 2003
- Risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patientsCritical Care Medicine, 2001
- Risk Factors for Early-onset, Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Critical Care PatientsAnesthesiology, 2000
- Nosocomial pneumonia in patients undergoing heart surgeryCritical Care Medicine, 2000
- Infections in Patients with Diabetes MellitusNew England Journal of Medicine, 1999
- Nosocomial infections in medical intensive care units in the United StatesCritical Care Medicine, 1999
- Prognosis and outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. A meta-analysisJama-Journal Of The American Medical Association, 1996
- Infection and Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Care, 1980