Developmental and contextual considerations for adrenal and gonadal hormone functioning during adolescence: Implications for adolescent mental health
- 11 April 2014
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Developmental Psychobiology
- Vol. 57 (6), 742-768
- https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21214
Abstract
Substantial research has implicated the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axes independently in adolescent mental health problems, though this literature remains largely inconclusive. Given the cross‐talk between the HPA and HPG axes and their increased activation in adolescence, a dual‐axis approach that examines both axes simultaneously is proposed to predict the emergence and persistence of adolescent mental health problems. After briefly orienting readers to HPA and HPG axis functioning, we review the literature examining associations between hormone levels and changes with behavior during adolescence. Then, we provide a review of the literature supporting examination of both axes simultaneously and present the limited research that has taken a dual‐axis approach. We propose future directions including consideration of between‐person and within‐person approaches to address questions of correlated changes in HPA and HPG hormones. Potential moderators are considered to increase understanding of the nuanced hormone–behavior associations during key developmental transitions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 57: 742–768, 2015.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (F31DA033737, T32DA016184)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH093675)
This publication has 231 references indexed in Scilit:
- Using the Time-Varying Effect Model (TVEM) to Examine Dynamic Associations between Negative Affect and Self Confidence on Smoking Urges: Differences between Successful Quitters and RelapsersPrevention Science, 2012
- Testosterone, cortisol, and serotonin as key regulators of social aggression: A review and theoretical perspectiveMotivation and Emotion, 2011
- The transcriptional control of female pubertyBrain Research, 2010
- Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Dysregulation in Dysphoric Children and Adolescents: Cortisol Reactivity to Psychosocial Stress from Preschool Through Middle AdolescenceBiological Psychiatry, 2010
- Salivary gonadal and adrenal hormone differences in boys and girls with and without disruptive behavior disorders: Contextual variantsBiological Psychology, 2009
- Neurobiology of empathy and callousness: Implications for the development of antisocial behaviorBehavioral Sciences & the Law, 2009
- Cortisol Diurnal Rhythm and Stress Reactivity in Male Adolescents with Early-Onset or Adolescence-Onset Conduct DisorderBiological Psychiatry, 2008
- Effects of Early and Recent Adverse Experiences on Adrenal Response to Psychosocial Stress in Depressed AdolescentsBiological Psychiatry, 2008
- Concurrent and longitudinal associations of basal and diurnal cortisol with mental health symptoms in early adolescenceDevelopmental Psychobiology, 2008
- Stress and the IndividualArchives of Internal Medicine, 1993