Antarctica’s wilderness fails to capture continent’s biodiversity
- 15 July 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature
- Vol. 583 (7817), 567-571
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2506-3
Abstract
Recent assessments of Earth’s dwindling wilderness have emphasized that Antarctica is a crucial wilderness in need of protection1,2. Yet human impacts on the continent are widespread3,4,5, the extent of its wilderness unquantified2 and the importance thereof for biodiversity conservation unknown. Here we assemble a comprehensive record of human activity (approximately 2.7 million records, spanning 200 years) and use it to quantify the extent of Antarctica’s wilderness and its representation of biodiversity. We show that 99.6% of the continent’s area can still be considered wilderness, but this area captures few biodiversity features. Pristine areas, free from human interference, cover a much smaller area (less than 32% of Antarctica) and are declining as human activity escalates6. Urgent expansion of Antarctica’s network of specially protected areas7 can both reverse this trend and secure the continent’s biodiversity8,9,10.Keywords
This publication has 46 references indexed in Scilit:
- An Emperor Penguin Population Estimate: The First Global, Synoptic Survey of a Species from SpacePLOS ONE, 2012
- Continent-wide risk assessment for the establishment of nonindigenous species in AntarcticaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012
- Non-indigenous microorganisms in the Antarctic: assessing the risksTrends in Microbiology, 2011
- Untouched Antarctica: mapping a finite and diminishing environmental resourceAntarctic Science, 2011
- How committed are we to monitoring human impacts in Antarctica?Environmental Research Letters, 2010
- The protection of Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems from inter- and intra-continental transfer of non-indigenous species by human activities: A review of current systems and practicesGlobal Environmental Change, 2009
- Soil trampling in an Antarctic Specially Protected Area: tools to assess levels of human impactAntarctic Science, 2009
- Effects of Human Trampling on Populations of Soil Fauna in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, AntarcticaConservation Biology, 2008
- THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS ON LIFE HISTORY ATTRIBUTES OF ANTARCTIC TERRESTRIAL BIOTABiological Reviews, 1996
- Threats to Wilderness Ecosystems: Impacts and Research NeedsEcological Applications, 1996