Abstract
The small island state of São Tomé and Príncipe, located in the Gulf of Guinea in West-Africa, is a linguistically unparalleled case in Africa in the sense that the former colonial language, Portuguese, has become the dominant native language of its population over time, replacing the historically dominant autochthonous creole languages. The aim of this chapter is to analyze the historical and sociolinguistic aspects that led to widespread shift to and nativization of Portuguese in this country.

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