Amphiregulin: a bifunctional growth-modulating glycoprotein produced by the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7.
- 1 September 1988
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Vol. 85 (17), 6528-6532
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.17.6528
Abstract
A glycoprotein, termed amphiregulin (AR), inhibits growth of several human carcinoma cells in culture and stimulates proliferation of human fibroblasts and certain other tumor cells. It has been purified to apparent homogeneity from serum-free conditioned medium of MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells that had been treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. AR is a single-chain extremely hydrophilic glycoprotein containing cysteines in disulfide linkage(s) that are essential for biological activity; it is stable between pH 2 and pH 12 and after heating for 30 min at 56.degree.C but unstable at 100.degree.C. The apparent molecular weights of AR and N-Glycanase-treated AR are 14,000 and 15,000, respectively, as assessed by gel chromatography, and .apprxeq. 22,500 and .apprxeq. 14,000, respectively, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Treatment of AR with N-Glycanase, O-Glycanase, or neuraminidase does not affect its activity. The pI of AR is .apprxeq. 7.8. The amino terminal amino acid sequence of AR has been determined, and no significant sequence homology between AR and other proteins was found. The molecule thus appears to be a distinct growth regulatory protein.Keywords
This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit:
- Peptide growth factors are multifunctionalNature, 1988
- Cachectin: More Than a Tumor Necrosis FactorNew England Journal of Medicine, 1987
- Secretory products of macrophages.JCI Insight, 1987
- Early Signals in the Mitogenic ResponseScience, 1986
- Growth, Differentiation and the Reversal of MalignancyScientific American, 1986
- Natural killer (NK) cell-derived hematopoietic colony-inhibiting activity and NK cytotoxic factor. Relationship with tumor necrosis factor and synergism with immune interferon.The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1985
- Autocrine growth factors and cancerNature, 1985
- Antagonism between Epidermal Growth Factor and Phorbol Ester Tumor Promoters in Human Breast Cancer CellsJCI Insight, 1981
- Epidermal growth factor and thyrotropin-releasing hormone act similarly on a clonal pituitary cell strain. Modulation of hormone production and inhibition of cell proliferationThe Journal of cell biology, 1980
- Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4Nature, 1970