Aerial VHF tracking of wildlife using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV): comparing efficiency of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) nest location methods
- 1 January 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by CSIRO Publishing in Wildlife Research
- Vol. 46 (2), 145-153
- https://doi.org/10.1071/wr17147
Abstract
Context Locating cryptic animals is an important aspect of many wildlife management programs and research studies. However, this process can be inefficient, time-consuming and expensive. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) or drones fitted with a camera are increasingly being used for counting and monitoring wildlife; however, these are often not suitable for cryptic species. Very high-frequency (VHF) radio-tracking is commonplace; however, single-channel VHF receivers mean that animals must be tracked individually, or scanning receivers must be used; but this raises the possibility of signals being missed. Aims We aimed to test the effectiveness of aerial VHF tracking using a multi-channel receiver for locating wildlife. Methods We tracked wildlife fitted with VHF transmitters operating on individual frequencies, by means of a UAV with a multi-channel VHF receiver to simultaneously monitor all frequencies. This offered distinct advantages over traditional single-channel scanning receivers. To test and compare this novel method, yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) were located on nests hidden under vegetation on Enderby Island in the New Zealand subantarctic, using manual ground searching, unassisted ground VHF tracking, as well as using location flights by the UAV Drone Ranger system. Key results The UAV system allowed for faster nest location than did all other methods, with a higher cumulative success (number of nests found each day) and lower search effort required (person hours per nest). Conclusions Aerial VHF tracking can greatly extend the search range and minimise search effort compared with ground VHF tracking or manual searching. Implications This technology has applications for locating and tracking a wide range of wildlife, particularly cryptic species that may be difficult to find using other methods.Keywords
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Best practice for minimising unmanned aerial vehicle disturbance to wildlife in biological field researchCurrent Biology, 2016
- Visible and thermal infrared remote sensing for the detection of white‐tailed deer using an unmanned aerial systemWildlife Society Bulletin, 2016
- Wildlife research and management methods in the 21st century: Where do unmanned aircraft fit in?Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems, 2015
- Measuring the influence of unmanned aerial vehicles on Adélie penguinsPolar Biology, 2015
- A protocol for the aerial survey of penguin colonies using UAVsJournal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems, 2015
- A small unmanned aerial system for estimating abundance and size of Antarctic predatorsPolar Biology, 2015
- Lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles will revolutionize spatial ecologyFrontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2013
- Yellow-eyed Penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) as a case study to assess the reliability of nest countsJournal of Ornithology, 2011
- Animal ecology meets GPS-based radiotelemetry: a perfect storm of opportunities and challengesPhilosophical Transactions B, 2010
- Nest-Site Selection by Yellow-Eyed PenguinsOrnithological Applications, 1989