Displacements of footings on sand under eccentric and inclined loads

Abstract
Results of an investigation of the response of footings on sand, under eccentric and inclined loads, are presented. Apparatus was constructed that could simultaneously apply loads to footings at any eccentricity and inclination, without imposing restraints on the footing displacements. The experimental results are interpreted, compared with published data, and a method for predicting vertical and horizontal displacements and rotations of loaded footings on sand developed. At low load levels the analysis generates the elastic half-space solution, which is then augmented to provide the complete nonlinear response of the footing. In addition, interaction diagrams between the vertical loads, horizontal loads, and moments that cause failure of the footing are presented. Key words: footing, sands, eccentric loading, inclined loading, displacement, rotation, bearing capacity.