Integrating lipidomics and genomics: emerging tools to understand cardiovascular diseases
Open Access
- 15 January 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
- Vol. 78 (6), 2565-2584
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03715-4
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide leading to 31% of all global deaths. Early prediction and prevention could greatly reduce the enormous socio-economic burden posed by CVDs. Plasma lipids have been at the center stage of the prediction and prevention strategies for CVDs that have mostly relied on traditional lipids (total cholesterol, total triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C). The tremendous advancement in the field of lipidomics in last two decades has facilitated the research efforts to unravel the metabolic dysregulation in CVDs and their genetic determinants, enabling the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and identification of predictive biomarkers, beyond traditional lipids. This review presents an overview of the application of lipidomics in epidemiological and genetic studies and their contributions to the current understanding of the field. We review findings of these studies and discuss examples that demonstrates the potential of lipidomics in revealing new biology not captured by traditional lipids and lipoprotein measurements. The promising findings from these studies have raised new opportunities in the fields of personalized and predictive medicine for CVDs. The review further discusses prospects of integrating emerging genomics tools with the high-dimensional lipidome to move forward from the statistical associations towards biological understanding, therapeutic target development and risk prediction. We believe that integrating genomics with lipidome holds a great potential but further advancements in statistical and computational tools are needed to handle the high-dimensional and correlated lipidome.Keywords
Funding Information
- Academy of Finland (312062)
- Sydäntutkimussäätiö
- Sigrid Juséliuksen Säätiö
- Helsingin Yliopisto
- University of Helsinki including Helsinki University Central Hospital
This publication has 149 references indexed in Scilit:
- Genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci influencing human serum metabolite levelsNature Genetics, 2012
- Ceramide synthases at the centre of sphingolipid metabolism and biologyBiochemical Journal, 2012
- The Human Plasma LipidomeThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2011
- Deep resequencing of GWAS loci identifies independent rare variants associated with inflammatory bowel diseaseNature Genetics, 2011
- Automated Lipid Identification and Quantification by Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry-Based Shotgun LipidomicsAnalytical Chemistry, 2009
- Lipidomics joins the omics evolutionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009
- Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases and Arachidonate Recycling in Human NeutrophilsOnline Journal of Public Health Informatics, 2008
- Sterols and membrane dynamicsJournal of Chemical Biology, 2008
- Caenorhabditis elegans mboa-7, a Member of the MBOAT Family, Is Required for Selective Incorporation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids into PhosphatidylinositolMolecular Biology of the Cell, 2008
- Ceramide: A common pathway for atherosclerosis?Atherosclerosis, 2008