Soil-Structure Interaction and Failure of Cast-Iron Subway Tunnels Subjected to Medium Internal Blast Loading
- 1 October 2012
- journal article
- Published by American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) in Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
- Vol. 26 (5), 691-701
- https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000292
Abstract
The threat of terrorist attacks on subway systems using explosives has intensified considerably in recent years. Explosions inside subway tunnels may lead to the failure of subway structures and result in further socioeconomic losses. Specifically, the century-old, single-track, cast-iron subway tunnels in cities such as New York and London are very vulnerable to this type of attack. In this study, an explicit dynamic finite-element procedure was developed to carry out extensive numerical simulation to investigate the soil-structure interaction and failure of cast-iron tunnels in saturated soils subject to internal explosions using the medium amount of explosives (80 kg TNT) that might be perpetrated by terrorists. The stress path and damage mode of these tunnels, subjected to internal blast loading, were first investigated based on the simulated damage of cast-iron tunnel lining using a hardening elastoplastic model that considered shear damage. The study aims to better understand the soil-structure interaction and its relation to lining damage of cast-iron subway tunnels under internal blast and to investigate the influences of several critical parameters on lining failure, including compressibility of saturated soil, brittleness of lining materials, specific impulse of blast, and strength of the soil-lining interface. The study found that ground-tunnel interaction was one of the governing factors that determined the damage of tunnel lining under medium internal blast loading by providing the necessary confinement to resist internal blast loading and by absorbing blast energy with its plastic shear deformation. Lining damage was mainly triggered by the tensile hoop stress because of large inertia and dynamic forces in the radial direction of the tunnel, and it may exhibit a progressive pattern in the vibration phase. Soil compression significantly influenced the damage of the tunnel under internal blast loading. The damage was more severe with compressible saturated ground.Keywords
This publication has 14 references indexed in Scilit:
- Dynamic Analysis of Subway Structures Under Blast LoadingGeotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2009
- Internal blast loading in a buried lined tunnelInternational Journal of Impact Engineering, 2008
- Explosion Dynamics in Saturated Rocks and SolidsTransport in Porous Media, 2006
- Working mechanism of cutoff walls in reducing uplift of large underground structures induced by soil liquefactionComputers and Geotechnics, 2006
- 3D Nonlinear Blast Model Analysis for Underground StructuresPublished by American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) ,2006
- Containment of blast phenomena in underground electrical power plantsAdvances in Engineering Software, 1998
- An analytical solution for the transient response of saturated linear elastic porous mediaInternational Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 1995
- One‐Dimensional Loading‐Rate EffectsJournal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1990
- Undrained Compression Behavior of SandJournal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1986
- Finite Element Simulation of Tunneling over SubwaysJournal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1983