MDMA interactions with pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse
- 12 April 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
- Vol. 16 (5), 357-369
- https://doi.org/10.1080/17425255.2020.1749262
Abstract
Introduction: MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), a synthetic ring-substituted amphetamine, has become one of the most widely used recreational psychostimulant drugs in the world. Among recreational ecstasy/MDMA users, polydrug use is a phenomenon whose common purpose is to experience the synergistic effect of the combined drugs, moderate MDMA effects, prevent potential toxicity, enhance a high or come down from a high from other drugs, or simply to treat existing medical conditions. Thus, MDMA-drug interactions (MDMA-DIs) lead to a higher risk of acute and life-threatening MDMA toxicity. Areas covered: This article provides an overview of the MDMA-DIs with pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse. In addition, available evidence is summarized along with clinical recommendations. Finally, the increasing importance of MDMA-DIs is highlighted. Expert opinion: There is a reduced number of published MDMA-DIs studies and scarce clinically significant MDMA-DIs documented in the literature. Experimental evidence points out the relevance of MDMA-DI’s when MDMA is co-administered with pharmaceuticals that are metabolized by the CYP2D6 due to MDMA inhibitory action and in the case of repeated MDMA administration (MDMA-MDMAIs).Keywords
This publication has 106 references indexed in Scilit:
- Duloxetine Inhibits Effects of MDMA (“Ecstasy") In Vitro and in Humans in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Laboratory StudyPLOS ONE, 2012
- MDMA, methamphetamine, and CYP2D6 pharmacogenetics: what is clinically relevant?Frontiers in Genetics, 2012
- Sex Differences in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy)-Induced Cytochrome P450 2D6 Inhibition in HumansClinical Pharmacokinetics, 2011
- Neural and Cardiac Toxicities Associated With 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)International review of neurobiology, 2009
- Neurotoxic Thioether Adducts of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Identified in Human Urine After Ecstasy IngestionDrug Metabolism and Disposition, 2009
- Cortisol and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: Neurohormonal Aspects of Bioenergetic Stress in Ecstasy UsersNeuropsychobiology, 2009
- Acute neuropsychological effects of MDMA and ethanol (co-)administration in healthy volunteersPsychopharmacology, 2008
- Contribution ???of ???Cytochrome??? P450??2D6??to??3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Disposition in HumansClinical Pharmacokinetics, 2005
- Ecstasy induced acute myocardial infarctionHeart, 2001
- Protease Inhibitors in Patients with HIV DiseaseClinical Pharmacokinetics, 1997