The prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open Access
- 3 September 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
- Vol. 13 (1), 1-12
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00707-7
Abstract
Sarcopenia was a frequent chronic complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and previous evidence showed conflicting results regarding the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in T2DM. In the current study, we aimed at systematically exploring the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched to identify observational studies which investigated the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. The quality of individual included studies was evaluated using The Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Pooled effects regarding prevalence and associated factors were calculated using random-effects models. The potential publication bias was assessed via funnel plot and Egger test. Twenty-eight studies involving 16,800 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with T2DM was 18% (95% CI 0.15–0.22; I2 = 97.4%). The pooled results showed that elder age (OR 4.73; 95% CI 4.30–5.19; I2 = 85.6%), male gender, chronic hyperglycemia (higher HbA1c) (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05–2.47; I2 = 99.2%) and osteoporosis (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05–2.47; I2 = 99.2%) was predictors for sarcopenia, whereas patients with lower BMI (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05–2.47; I2 = 99.2%) and metformin administrations (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05–2.47; I2 = 99.2%) were not prone to get sarcopenia. The funnel plot and statistical tests showed no obvious publication bias. Sarcopenia was frequent in T2DM patients. Elder age, male gender and chronic hyperglycemia, Osteoporosis were significant risk factors for Sarcopenia. Lower BMI and metformin administrations were associated with lower risk of sarcopenia.Keywords
This publication has 92 references indexed in Scilit:
- Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Care, 2011
- Sarcopenia: An Undiagnosed Condition in Older Adults. Current Consensus Definition: Prevalence, Etiology, and Consequences. International Working Group on SarcopeniaJournal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2011
- Autophagic pathways and metabolic stressDiabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2010
- Prevalence and Determinant Factors of Sarcopenia in Patients With Type 2 DiabetesDiabetes Care, 2010
- Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosisAge and Ageing, 2010
- Decreased Muscle Strength and Quality in Older Adults With Type 2 DiabetesDiabetes, 2006
- Free radical generation by skeletal muscle of adult and old mice: effect of contractile activityAging Cell, 2006
- Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 Antagonist Blocks Brain–Gut Activation Induced by Colonic Distention in RatsGastroenterology, 2005
- Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysesBMJ, 2003