Resistance to Abiotic Stress and Effectiveness of Native Rhizobia on Bambara Groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] in Benin
Open Access
- 1 January 2022
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. in Open Journal of Soil Science
- Vol. 12 (06), 193-215
- https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2022.126008
Abstract
Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.], as a legume, can establish relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobium. However, Rhizobium efficacy is not always optimal due to the lack or poor efficient strains in the soil. This study aimed to evaluate symbiotic efficiency of endogenous Rhizobia nodulating Bambara groundnut and their resistance to abiotic conditions. Root nodules were randomly sampled from three agroecological zones across the country, surface sterilized, ground and paste plated on YEMA media. After 24 hours, the bacterial colonies were purified. The pure cultures were further characterized using morphological and biochemical methods and their resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals was evaluated. Lastly, the symbiotic efficiency of the isolates was assessed through a greenhouse experiment. A total of eighty-five presumptive strains were isolated from Bambara groundnut roots nodules obtained from the farms. The physiological characterization of the isolated showed a decrease in isolates growth when NaCl concentration was more than 7%. In addition, 47% of the isolates were tolerant to a temperature of 40°C. Most of the isolates were highly resistant to Erythromycin in all its concentration levels and to Kanamycin, Spectinomycin, Neomycin and Ampicillin at 10 μg⋅mL−1. Most of them showed resistance to Cu and Zn at 10 μg⋅mL−1. Results of the effectiveness test on two Bambara groundnut varieties yielded dry shoot matter varying from 3.33 g⋅plant−1 to 7.21 g⋅plant−1 for variety 1 and from 4.38 g⋅plant−1 to 8.38 g⋅plant−1 on variety 2. N uptake ranged between 0.09 g⋅plant−1 and 0.29 g⋅plant−1 for variety 1 and between 0.12 and 0.29 g⋅plant−1 for variety 2. The isolates yielding higher shoot dry weight and N uptake were LMSEM312, LMSEM338, LMSEM307, LMSEM351 for variety 1 and LMSEM338, LMSEM309, LMSEM307 for variety 2. The isolates showing better performance can be used to develop bio-fertilizer for sustainable Bambara groundnut production in Benin.Keywords
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- Potential of indigenous bradyrhizobia versus commercial inoculants to improve cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. walp.) and green gram (Vigna radiataL. wilczek.) yields in KenyaSoil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2012
- Diversity of the Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species of Importance in BeninThe Scientific World Journal, 2012
- Legume–Rhizobium Symbioses as a Tool for Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Polluted SoilsPublished by Springer Science and Business Media LLC ,2011
- Naga chilli: A potential source of capsaicinoids with broad-spectrum ethnopharmacological applicationsJournal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010
- Mutualism variation in the nodulation response to nitrateJournal of Evolutionary Biology, 2010
- Effect of bradyrhizobial inoculation and n fertilization on promiscuous soybean and subsequent maize yield grown in degraded “terre de barre” in BeninAnnales des Sciences Agronomiques, 2010
- Soybean inoculation: Dose, N fertilizer supplementation and rhizobia persistence in soilField Crops Research, 2009
- Isotopic fractionation during N2 fixation by four tropical legumesSoil Biology and Biochemistry, 2004
- Nitrogen Fertilization and Rhizobial Inoculation Effects on Kura Clover GrowthAgronomy Journal, 2001
- Variation in nitrogen fixation and yield in landraces of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.)Field Crops Research, 1996