4D-Printed Dynamic Materials in Biomedical Applications: Chemistry, Challenges, and Their Future Perspectives in the Clinical Sector
- 13 August 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Vol. 63 (15), 8003-8024
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02115
Abstract
Most of the biomedical materials printed using 3D bioprinting are static and are unable to alter/transform with dynamic changes in the internal environment of the body. The emergence of four-dimensional (4D) printing addresses this problem. By preprogramming dynamic polymer materials and their nanocomposites, 4D printing is able to produce the desired shapes or transform functions under specific conditions or stimuli to better adapt to the surrounding environment. In this review, the current and potential applications of 4D-printed materials are introduced in different aspects of the biomedical field, e.g., tissue engineering, drug delivery, and sensors. In addition, the existing limitations and possible solutions are discussed. Finally, the current limitations of 4D-printed materials along with their future perspective are presented to provide a basis for future research.Funding Information
- Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (RX2016004, Y20190018)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600769, 81501933)
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY14H060008)
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