Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in 45,965 adults from the general population of the United Kingdom
Open Access
- 21 July 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Microbiology
- Vol. 6 (9), 1140-1149
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-021-00947-3
Abstract
We report that in a cohort of 45,965 adults, who were receiving either the ChAdOx1 or the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, in those who had no prior infection with SARS-CoV-2, seroconversion rates and quantitative antibody levels after a single dose were lower in older individuals, especially in those aged >60 years. Two vaccine doses achieved high responses across all ages. Antibody levels increased more slowly and to lower levels with a single dose of ChAdOx1 compared with a single dose of BNT162b2, but waned following a single dose of BNT162b2 in older individuals. In descriptive latent class models, we identified four responder subgroups, including a ‘low responder’ group that more commonly consisted of people aged >75 years, males and individuals with long-term health conditions. Given our findings, we propose that available vaccines should be prioritized for those not previously infected and that second doses should be prioritized for individuals aged >60 years. Further data are needed to better understand the extent to which quantitative antibody responses are associated with vaccine-mediated protection.Keywords
Funding Information
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit
- Wellcome Trust (110110/Z/15/Z)
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Huo Family Foundation
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Robertson Foundation
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