Characterization of Atrial and Ventricular Structural Remodeling in a Porcine Model of Atrial Fibrillation Induced by Atrial Tachypacing
Open Access
- 9 April 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Veterinary Science
- Vol. 7, 179
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00179
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by electrical and structural remodeling. Irregular and/or fast atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction during AF can result in AV dyssynchrony, tachymyopathy, pressure and volume overload with subsequent dilatation, valve regurgitation, and ventricular dysfunction with progression to heart failure. Objective: To gain further insight into the myocardial pathophysiological changes induced by right atrial tachypacing (A-TP) in a large animal model. Methods: A total of 28 Landrace pigs were randomized as 14 into AF-induced A-TP group and 14 pigs to control group. AF pigs were tachypaced for 43 +/- 4 days until in sustained AF. Functional remodeling was investigated by echocardiography (after cardioversion to sinus rhythm). Structural remodeling was quantified by histological preparations with picrosirius red and immunohistochemical stainings. Results: A-TP resulted in decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) accompanied by increased end-diastolic and end-systolic left atrium (LA) volume and area. In addition, A-TP was associated with mitral valve (MV) regurgitation, diastolic dysfunction and increased atrial and ventricular fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM). Conclusions: A-TP induced AF with concomitant LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction, increased LA volume and area, and atrial and ventricular fibrosis.Funding Information
- Wellcome Trust
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
- Carlsbergfondet
This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:
- Termination of Vernakalant-Resistant Atrial Fibrillation by Inhibition of Small-Conductance Ca 2+ -Activated K + Channels in PigsCirculation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, 2017
- Development of left ventricular hypertrophy in a novel porcine model of mitral regurgitationScandinavian Cardiovascular Journal, 2014
- Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation: The Left Atrium Gets its Due RespectJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011
- Evidence of Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation Due to Atrial Fibrillation: Reversal With Arrhythmia ControlJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011
- Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Tricuspid and Mitral Annular Dilatation and Valvular Regurgitation.Circulation Journal, 2002
- Hemodynamic Effects of an Irregular Sequence of Ventricular Cycle Lengths During Atrial FibrillationJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 1997
- The hemodynamic consequences of cardiac arrhythmias: Evaluation of the relative roles of abnormal atrioventricular sequencing, irregularity of ventricular rhythm and atrial fibrillation in a canine modelAmerican Heart Journal, 1983
- Cardiac output and the varying R-R interval of atrial fibrillationJournal of Electrocardiology, 1973
- Significance of the atrial contribution to ventricular fillingThe American Journal of Cardiology, 1965
- Hemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation at constant ventricular ratesThe American Journal of Medicine, 1964