Plant-Derived Food Grade Substances (PDFGS) Active Against Respiratory Viruses: A Systematic Review of Non-clinical Studies
Open Access
- 9 February 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Nutrition
Abstract
Human diet comprises several classes of phytochemicals some of which are potentially active against human pathogenic viruses. This study examined available evidence that identifies existing food plants or constituents of edible foods that have been reported to inhibit viral pathogenesis of the human respiratory tract. SCOPUS and PUBMED databases were searched with keywords designed to retrieve articles that investigated the effect of plant-derived food grade substances (PDFGS) on the activities of human pathogenic viruses. Eligible studies for this review were those done on viruses that infect the human respiratory tract. Forty six (46) studies met the specified inclusion criteria from the initial 5,734 hits. The selected studies investigated the effects of different PDFGS on the infectivity, proliferation and cytotoxicity of different respiratory viruses including influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza virus (hPIV), Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), and rhinovirus (RV) in cell lines and mouse models. This review reveals that PDFGS inhibits different stages of the pathological pathways of respiratory viruses including cell entry, replication, viral release and viral-induced dysregulation of cellular homeostasis and functions. These alterations eventually lead to the reduction of virus titer, viral-induced cellular damages and improved survival of host cells. Major food constituents active against respiratory viruses include flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, lectins, vitamin D, curcumin, and plant glycosides such as glycyrrhizin, acteoside, geniposide, and iridoid glycosides. Herbal teas such as guava tea, green and black tea, adlay tea, cistanche tea, kuding tea, licorice extracts, and edible bird nest extracts were also effective against respiratory viruses in vitro. The authors of this review recommend an increased consumption of foods rich in these PDFGS including legumes, fruits (e.g berries, citrus), tea, fatty fish and curcumin amongst human populations with high prevalence of respiratory viral infections in order to prevent, manage and/or reduce the severity of respiratory virus infections.This publication has 189 references indexed in Scilit:
- A comprehensive map of the influenza A virus replication cycleBMC Systems Biology, 2013
- Dietary polyphenols as potential nutraceuticals in management of diabetes: a reviewJournal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 2013
- Anti‐viral and anti‐bacterial activities of an extract of blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.)Microbiology and Immunology, 2012
- Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Nucleoprotein and Inclusion Bodies Antagonize the Innate Immune Response Mediated by MDA5 and MAVSJournal of Virology, 2012
- Antiviral effects of Psidium guajava Linn. (guava) tea on the growth of clinical isolated H1N1 viruses: Its role in viral hemagglutination and neuraminidase inhibitionAntiviral Research, 2012
- Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Brown AlgaEcklonia cavaCollected from Gijang, Korea, Reduces Obesity and Glucose Levels in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese MiceEvidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012
- Glycyrrhizin as antiviral agent against Hepatitis C VirusJournal of Translational Medicine, 2011
- Suppression of cytokine storm with a sphingosine analog provides protection against pathogenic influenza virusProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011
- Respiratory Viruses Other than Influenza Virus: Impact and Therapeutic AdvancesClinical Microbiology Reviews, 2008