From Linkage Studies to Epigenetics: What We Know and What We Need to Know in the Neurobiology of Schizophrenia
Open Access
- 11 May 2016
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Vol. 10, 202
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00202
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of positive, negative and cognitive symptoms that lacks a unifying neuropathology. In the present paper, we will review the current understanding of molecular dysregulation in schizophrenia, including genetic and epigenetic studies. In relation to the latter, basic research suggests that normal cognition is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms and its dysfunction occurs upon epigenetic misregulation, providing new insights into missing heritability of complex psychiatric diseases, referring to the discrepancy between epidemiological heritability and the proportion of phenotypic variation explained by DNA sequence difference. In schizophrenia the absence of consistently replicated genetic effects together with evidence for lasting changes in gene expression after environmental exposures suggest a role of epigenetic mechanisms. In this review we will focus on epigenetic modifications as a key mechanism through which environmental factors interact with individual's genetic constitution to affect risk of psychotic conditions throughout life.This publication has 162 references indexed in Scilit:
- TrxG and PcG Proteins but Not Methylated Histones Remain Associated with DNA through ReplicationCell, 2012
- A Role for Neuronal piRNAs in the Epigenetic Control of Memory-Related Synaptic PlasticityCell, 2012
- Study factors influencing ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: A 20year follow-up meta-analysisNeuroImage, 2012
- Genome wide association studies (GWAS) and copy number variation (CNV) studies of the major psychoses: What have we learnt?Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2012
- Similarities and differences in peripheral blood gene‐expression signatures of individuals with schizophrenia and their first‐degree biological relativesNeuropsychiatric Genetics, Part B of the American Journal of Medical Genetics (AJMG), 2011
- Deacetylation and Methylation at Histone H3 Lysine 9 (H3K9) Coordinate Chromosome Condensation during Cell Cycle ProgressionMolecules and Cells, 2011
- Correlations between ventricular enlargement and gray and white matter volumes of cortex, thalamus, striatum, and internal capsule in schizophreniaArchiv Fur Psychiatrie Und Nervenkrankheiten, 2011
- Gene variants associated with schizophrenia in a Norwegian genome-wide study are replicated in a large European cohortJournal of Psychiatric Research, 2010
- Epigenomic Profiling Reveals DNA-Methylation Changes Associated with Major PsychosisAmerican Journal of Human Genetics, 2008
- Evaluation of a Susceptibility Gene for Schizophrenia: Genotype Based Meta-Analysis of RGS4 Polymorphisms from Thirteen Independent SamplesBiological Psychiatry, 2006