This study aims at identifying the efforts and obstacles of the village government in promoting mangrove ecotourism in Teluk Dore village. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings shows that the efforts of the village government in promoting mangrove ecotourism are carried out by extending market-share through promotion in social media and the establishment of gazebos for meeting places, performing tourist attractions, improving accessibilities, improving ecotourism services, and empowering the organizarions. Its main obstacles are the lack of funding sources and inadequate ecotourism facilities and security patrols. Although sub-district and district government support the efforts of Teluk Dore village government, the lack of cooperation with other parties contributes to the problems in developing mangrove ecotourism Teluk Dore at higher level.

This research examines how the implementation and contribution of Indonesia-Singapore special economic zone cooperation on Batam, Bintan, and Karimun Islands in the era of Jokowi-Jusuf Kalla administration in 2015-2019. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with a library research approach by analyzing the phenomenon of developing special economic zones. The results of this study show that the development of a special economic zone between Indonesia and Singapore is a strategy of economic interest through a pattern of bilateral cooperation. The collaboration is manifested in the optimization of three regions, namely Batam, Bintani, and Karimun as investment land. Optimization is carried out with tax exemption as a form of facilitating investment services. In addition, special economic zones are also manifested in the concept of free trade in the three development areas (Batam, Bintan, and Karimun), whose contribution is in the form of growth of Gross Regional Domestic Product in each region.

This study aims to analyze the autonomy policy of education in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with library research techniques. The results of this study indicate that the increase in the education budget allocation has not been able to increase the competitiveness of national education in the global arena. The implementation of educational autonomy through the establishment of various policies, including school-based management and the independent campus policy aims to give authority to educational institutions to provide flexibility in the management of education. Although the education autonomy policy has been able to increase the national education participation rate, this policy also raises new problems such as policy conflicts between the central government, regional governments, and educational institutions, inefficiency in education management, the occurrence of new corrupt practices, and education policies that tend to be top-down. The conclusion is that although it is in line with the demands of reform, education autonomy in Indonesia does not necessarily improve the quality of national education.

The land of a river bank village of Tering Lama continues to erode, and it could cause this village to disappear. This research attempts to study the factors that influence its existence in order to survive. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method to determine such factors. The study found that there are some influentual factors, namely traditions, habits, social interaction, environmental conditions, and the role of the government. The most determining ones are the environmental conditions and the role of the government. In fact, while some have left the river bank area, a considerable number of people of Tering Lama village can still survive from degraded environmental conditions such as landslides because they are very enthusiastic in protecting the environment to preserve their traditional culture that has existed for so long. In cooperation with village government, their important effort was placing sand bags in the eroded river bank as sheet pile. Recently, they had been supported by the district government by constructing gabion wire as sheet pile. All of these ecological efforts are of importance in preserving their culture and tradition.