Healthy skin is an element of female beauty. The thing that supports it is with cosmetics. The rise of the "back to nature" lifestyle has increased public confidence in cosmetics with natural ingredients. Cosmetics with natural ingredients are claimed to be safer to use on the skin than cosmetics using synthetic chemical compounds. Research has been carried out with the title "Formulation of Solid Bath Soap from Ethanol Extract of Kedondong Leaves (Spondias pinnata (L.f) Kurz)". This study aims to determine whether the formulation of solid bath soap from Kedondong (Spondias pinnata (L.f) Kurz) Leaf Ethanol Extract meets the criteria for quality requirements of pH, water content and high foam. The extract concentrations used were F1(3.5), F2 (7) and F3 (10.5). From the results of the research that has been carried out, it is obtained that the solid soap preparations F1 (3.5), F2 (7) meet the quality criteria test for pH, water content and foam height both before and after the cycling test. While the soap in FIII (10.5) met the water content and high foam test, but did not meet the pH quality standard for solid soap. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that from the three formulas above, the soap in FI and FII is a soap that meets the quality standard test of pH, water content and high foam. While the soap in FIII is soap that does not meet the required solid soap pH quality standard.

Research has been carried out on the effect of giving ethanol extract of red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) on blood glucose of male white rats (Rattus novergicus) exposed to cigarette smoke for an interval of 15 days with the administration of ethanolic extract of red spinach. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract on blood glucose levels of male white rats which were divided into 4 groups. Group I as a positive control that was not given any treatment, group II was given ethanolic extract of red spinach 200 mg/kg BW, group III was given ethanolic extract of red spinach 400 mg/kg BW, and group IV as a negative control was only given cigarette smoke exposure without any treatment. extract administration. From the research that has been done, the results of the decrease in blood glucose in group I is 63,3 mg/dl, group II is 98 mg/dl, group III is 116 mg/dl, and group IV is 155 mg/dl. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the decrease in blood glucose caused The most effective is red spinach ethanol extract with a concentration of 200 mg/kg BW, which is 98 mg/dl.

Self-medication is one of the efforts that is mostly done by a person in overcoming the symptoms of a minor illness that he is suffering from before consulting a health worker. The results of the 2014 National Basic Reasearch showed that the percentage of the population who chose self-medication or self-medication due to health complaints experienced was 61.05%. Many factors influence people to take treatment, one of which is advertising. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the effect of drug advertising on drug selection decisions and the accuracy of self-medication actions in the community in Umbulharjo District, Yogyakarta City. The design of this study was analytic observational with cross-sectional data collection. The sampling technique used incidental sampling method and data were collected through filling out a validated questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out with univariate and bivariate tests using SPSS 20.0. The results showed that the results of the significance test between the effect of drug advertisements on television on the accuracy of self-medication was 0.864. The conclusion of this study is that advertising has no significant effect on the appropriateness of self-medication (p 0.05).

This study aims to determine the effect of adding suanggi orange juice (Citrus medica) to the lead content of blood clam shell toothpaste (Anadara granosa). The research was carried out at the Laboratory of the Department of Biology, FMIPA, state University of Gorontalo. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. Data analysis used One Ways Analysis of Variance and Duncan’s test at 5% level. The result showed that the addition of suanggi orange juice reduced the levels of lead in blood clam shell toothpaste (Anadara granosa). The addition of suanggi orange juice significantly reduced the levels of lead (p=0.000). the lead content of toothpaste added with 6 mL of orange suanggi is 0,036 ppm and is below the limit for Pb contamination on toothpaste according to SNI 8816:2020 which is 20.0 mg/kg.

Research has been carried out on formulation and stability test of hand body lotion from ethanolic extract of seaweed (Euchema cottonii). This study aims to obtain a hand body lotion formulation from seaweed extract (Eucheuma cottonii) that meets the requirements for the physical quality of the lotion, where the formula made consists of 4 formulas with extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and formulas without extracts. The evaluation of lotion preparations included organoleptic tests, pH tests, homogeneity tests and dispersibility tests. Data analysis was carried out by testing the physical quality of each formula compared to the quality standard of lotion preparations according to theory. From the research that has been done, it shows that the composition of the 4 formulas shows homogeneous results. The pH values of the formulas with extract concentrations of 5%, 10% and 5% and formulas without extracts were 5,8;5,3;5,1 and 6.6 (quality requirements 4,5 -6.6). Meanwhile, the pH distribution of the formula with 5%, 10% and 5% extract concentrations and the formula without extract was 5.2, respectively; 4.8; 4,4 and 5 (quality requirements 5-7). Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the formula with an extract concentration of 5% has the most physical stability that meets the requirements for the quality of lotion preparations.

Low Quality Assurance in Pharmacy Award Ipilo Gorontalo include pharmaceutical, security, procurement, storage, and distribution or drug delivery, drug management, on a prescription drug services, drug information services, as well as drug development, medicinal materials and traditional medicine. The impact of the implementation of activities in the pharmacy pharmacy services Anugerah Ipilo errors may occur treatment (medication errors) in the service process. Quality Assurance (QA) is one dimension that is used in the measurement of quality of service, where the application of QA in pharmacies Ipilo Award aims to provide quality assurance of pharmaceutical products and the quality of services provided to patients. This research is descriptive, the source of primary data obtained from the questionnaires with QA standard indicator framework on pharmaceutical services in pharmacies Anugerah Ipilo. The assessment results then classified based on criteria appropriate, relatively appropriate and not appropriate. The results showed that the Quality Assurance (Quality Assurance) on the quality of the equipment and the safety assurance of Pharmaceutical Services in Pharmacy Award Ipilo there are seven questions (70%) had a very good criteria, three questions (30%) had a good criterion. Quality Assurance (Quality Assurance) on the Process of Pharmaceutical Services in Pharmacy Award Ipilo there are 4 questions (40%) had a very good criteria, one question (10%) had a pretty good and 5 questions (50%) had less good. Pharmacies merely focused on the administration and management of medication alone is not the overall pharmacy services, in addition because the pharmacy Anugerah Ipilo prefer the function of the economy (business) rather than its social function, which pharmacies are required to gain / profit in business.

Eggshell powder for laying hens contains calcium carbonate CaCO3 (98%) and calcium (28%), efficacious as an antiseptic, antibacterial, and the development of the mineral apatite in the formation of bones and teeth. Eggshell powder is an organic waste that has the potential to be used as a supplement material for calcium sources for humans. However, the content of eggshells consists of inorganic compounds that produce ash. Eggshells as a supplement material must meet quality and safety standards, but this has never been done. Therefore, in this study, an ash content test was carried out with the aim of knowing the inorganic content in the isolation of eggshells of laying hens. Eggshells were isolated by demineralization and deproteination processes. The test results showed that the ash content in the eggshells of laying hens was 95.13%, while in the isolation results the ash content was 96.13%.

The combination of ginger and white turmeric is the right way to make instant powder drink preparations. The content of gingerol in ginger and curcumin in white turmeric is useful as a natural diuretic (urine laxative). Instant powder drink preparations are made of 2 formulas with different variations of sweeteners, namely formula 1 with 100% granulated sugar and formula 2 with a combination of granulated sugar and brown sugar (3:1). This study was to determine the effect of variations in sugar on physical characteristics and the level of preference of panelists for the preparation of an instant powder drink containing a combination of ginger rhizome and white turmeric. Making instant powder drinks using the crystallization method Physical test data was analyzed by the Independent Sample T-Test. The test results showed that the two formulas met the powder test requirements with the pH value, setting, moisture content, flow time, and angle of repose in formula 1 each being 6.53; 9.3%; 0.26%; 15.63 grams/second; and 31.62, while formula 2 is 6.19; 5.6%; 1.04%; 11.55 grams/second; and 36.44. The hedonic test shows that there is a significant difference in preference values where formula 2, with a combination of sugar and brown sugar (3:1), is more preferred by the panelists.

The percentage of the population using self-medication to treat minor illnesses, such as influenza, continues to increase. Self-medication using over-the-counter drugs or without a doctor's prescription is not a completely safe treatment, so knowledge about the influenza and the drugs to be used is required. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of knowledge and behavior of self-medication for influenza, to determine the relationship between semester level and level of knowledge and behavior, and to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and behavior of self-medication for influenza in Pharmacy students, Tanjungpura University. This method with a cross-sectional approach that is descriptive analytic. Respondents involved as many as 232 people including inclusion and exclusion criteria taken by stratified random sampling technique and the data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicated that the respondents' knowledge level was good (39.7%), sufficient (50.0%), less (10.3%) and the respondent's behavior was right (96.6%) and inappropriate (3.4%). Relationship between semesters and the level of knowledge obtained sig (2-tailed) 0.000 and the value of r is 0.422; semester on the behavior of sig (2-tailed) 0.004 and the r value is 0.190; the level of knowledge on the behavior of the value of sig (2-tailed) is 0.007 and r is 0.178. The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge is in the sufficient category and the behavior is appropriate and there is a moderate undirectional relationship between semesters and the level of knowledge, a very low unidirectional relationship between semesters and behavior and there is a very low unidirectional relationship between the level of knowledge and behavior of influenza self-medication.

Diarrhea was determined as one of the Covid-19 symptoms and during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, the prevalence of diarrhea increased to 13.05% in district of Rasau Jaya. The limitations of health services during the Covid-19 pandemic led to the increasing of self-medication behavior, including self-medication to overcome those diarrheal symptoms. The object of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and behavior of self-medication for diarrhea in district of Rasau Jaya and the correlation between these knowledge and behavior. We use a cross sectional approach with total of 70 respondents and we use purposive sampling with a questionnaire measuring instrument for sampling technique as well. Data were measured by statistical tests of Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that 57.14% of respondents have a good level of self-medication knowledge whereas 41.43% and 1.43% of respondents have medium and deficient knowledge, respectively. These results are in line with self-medication behavior that shown 95.71% of respondents have a good level of behavior but only 4.29% of respondents have a deficient level. We found that People in Rasau Jaya had a good level of self-medication knowledge and behavior and there is a correlation between those two.

Over-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs are the two classes of drugs commonly used for self-medication. The high risk caused by irrational use of drugs must be considered by each individual in order to increase knowledge and good behavior in self-medication. This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge and behavior level of the students of the Pharmacy Study Program, Tanjungpura University and analyze the relationship between the semester level and the two variables. This research method uses the Spearman rank correlation test with the SPSS Version 26 application in the bivariate analysis test with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents used as many as 232 people with the method of taking Statified Random Sampling. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female, aged 17-22 years, and mostly used paracetamol purchased at pharmacies without a doctor's prescription to treat fever. Respondents have a level of knowledge that falls into the category of less (40.5%) with appropriate self-medication behavior (97.4%). The variable level of knowledge and level of behavior has a significant relationship (p-value = 0.006). The semester level variable and the level of knowledge have a significant relationship (p-value = 0.000). Semester level and behavioral level variables have a significant relationship (p-value = 0.026). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between the semester level and the level of knowledge and behavior of the students of the Pharmacy Study Program at Tanjungpura University towards the use of over-the-counter and over-the-counter drugs in self-medication.

Anemic in Pregnancy is still a health problem in Indonesia. Iron supplementation is a preventive measure carried out by the government in primary health services. However, the average coverage of national Fe tablets is still not maximal (85.1%). Research related to adherence to iron supplement consumption is still limited, therefore this study aims to determine the relationship between adherence level with anemia of pregnant women. The study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach, conducted in the period August-November 2019 at Jetis I Bantul, primary health service Yogyakarta. A total of 39 respondents who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to informed consent were recruited in this study. Data on the level of compliance were taken through interviewing respondents using quistionnaire and pill count, at least on the 7th day after consuming iron tablets, while Hb levels were taken from medical records and examination of respondents. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square. Results showed that 61.5% of pregnant women complied with the consumption of iron tablets, while the measurement of the pill count showed 59.0% has complience. There was a significant correlation between the consumption of iron tablets and the incidence of pregnancy anemia, both adherence to the questionnaire measurement p = 0.000; OR = 0.050; (CI: 0.010-0.263), or the measurement of pill count p = 0.003; OR = 0.126 (CI: 0.030-0.538). A total of 15.4% of pregnant women have anemia in the 2nd trimester of gestation, and 25.6% in the 3rd trimester. Based on this study, it is concluded that there is a correlation between the level of adherence of Iron tablet consumption towards the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

Research has been carried out by testing the antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi using the diffusion method on NA medium with 3 times replication. Each concentration used was 1.25%, 2.5% and 5.0%. The results obtained show the zone of inhibition around the paper disk with different diameters for each concentration. For raw kapok banana peel with a concentration of 1.25% is 9.82 mm, 2.5% concentration is 10.54 mm and 5.0% concentration is 11.39 mm, while the positive control chloramphenicol is 14.14 mm and the control negative, no inhibition was found and for yellow kapok banana peel with a concentration of 1.25% was 6.67 mm, 2.5% concentration was 7.47 mm, 5.0% concentration was 8.58 and positive control chloramphenicol was 14, 5mm. So it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of raw kepok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L) has a greater inhibitory power than yellow kapok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L) against the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. It is hoped that further researchers will be able to conduct research on other microbes

Gotu kola (Centella asiatica L.) is empirically used as a medicinal plant and scientifically it can be used to treat various diseases based on the results of the Scientification of Herbal Medicine. Gotu kola leaf (Centella asiatica L.) is one of the potential medicinal plants that can be used as herbal medicine because it contains various kinds of nutritious compounds. Because of the many benefits of gotu kola leaves, it is necessary to standardize the extract to ensure the quality associated with the identity substance, and the composition of the chemical content whose specifications are stated in the monograph as a quality requirement listed in Materia Medika Indonesia. Standardization includes organoleptic test, identification of chemical content, determination of water soluble extract content, ethanol soluble extract content and other tests, namely seeing the activity of gotu kola as an antidiabetic. The results and data on the characteristics of the specific parameters indicated that the extracts made had met the requirements of the herbal pharmacopoeia, which means that the ethanolic extract of gotu kola had met the standards, and based on activity testing it was known that the leaf of gotu kola (Centella asiatica L.) was efficacious as antidiabetic.

Beauty in Indonesia is often associated with white and clean skin. based on a report by the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) in 2015 there were 30 types or 17,000 dangerous cosmetic items which turned out to contain hazardous chemicals such as rhodamine B, hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and mercury which are widely contained in face whitening creams. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of public knowledge about the impact of using skin lightening cosmetics in Magelang. This research is an observational descriptive research using cross sectional method and sampling technique using snowball. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire distributed via a googleform link. A total of 110 respondents from Magelang City, 46 and 64 respondents from Magelang Regency participated in this study. As many as 80% of female respondents aged 16-25 years who use skin lightening products for 1 to 2 months (24.5%) %) with income 2,000,000 (68.20%) and spend one package of skin lightening products every month ( 37.27%) with an average cost of around Rp. 10,000 – Rp. 200,000 rupiah and the most used up front (83.60%) . Respondents got cosmetics from cosmetic shops (63.60%) and as many as 50% of respondents said their skin color would return to normal if they stopped using lightening creams. Respondents already know that mercury (70%) is one of the harmful substances in whitening creams and its excessive side effects will endanger skin health (95.5%).

Gedi Merah leaf (Abelmoschus manihot L.Medik) is a tropical plant used by the community as a traditional medicine to reduce cholesterol, hypertension, and antidiabetic levels. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to a lack of the hormone insulin so that glucose in the blood increases which is characterized by changes in the histopathological structure of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The purpose of this study was to see the histopathological description of the pancreas in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain model of type II diabetes mellitus by administering ethanol extract of red gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.Medik). Modeling of diabetes mellitus in experimental animals was carried out by administering a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal induction of streptozotocin 30 mg/kg. After modeling, male rats were grouped into 6 treatment groups, namely a normal control group, a positive control group, a negative control group, and a group that was given the ethanol extract of red gedi leaves at a dose of 75 mg/kg BW, 150 mg/kg BW 300 mg/kg BW. The results of the histopathological examination of the pancreas and the number of endocrine cells showed that the ethanolic extract of red gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.Medik) was effective in repairing pancreatic cells and regenerating endocrine cells in the islets of langerhans.

Dyslipidemia is an abnormality of lipids in the blood, including a decrease in HDL levels and an increase in triglyceride levels, LDL levels and total cholesterol. The high concentration of cholesterol in the blood is one of the causes of atherosclerosis and can further cause hypertension and coronary heart disease. The use of synthetic drugs in the long term can cause unwanted side effects. This study aims to examine the effect of increasing HDL cholesterol levels, decreasing total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels from the ethanol extract of Clitoria ternatea L using male rats (Rattus norvegicus). This study used the maceration method of Clitoria ternatea L. then the thick extract obtained was tested for its activity which was divided into 6 treatment groups namely normal control group, positive control, negative control, dose 1 (extract 100 mg/kgBB), dose 1 2 (extract 200 mg/kgBB) and dose 3 (extract 400 mg/kgBB) were then measured for total cholesterol, HDL and LDL. The results showed that the administration of ethanol extract of Clitoria ternatea L was able to reduce total cholesterol levels, LDL and increase HDL levels in male rats. The dose of ethanol extract of Clitoria ternatea L that was most effective in reducing total and LDL cholesterol levels and increasing HDL levels in rats that had been induced by a high-fat diet was dose 3, namely extract 400mg/kgBB.

Bidara is a plant that is known to be rich in antioxidants and is a plant that can withstand extreme temperatures and is able to survive in a rather dry environment. Bidara leaves are included in the type of compound leaves where these compound leaves have branching stalks and on the stem branches there are leaf blades, on one stalk there are more than one leaf blade, a compound leaf is considered to come from a single leaf whose incision is so deep that the the leaves between the nicks are separate from each other and each is a separate little strand. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of antioxidants contained in bidara leaf extract (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk) using the DPPH method. The method used is the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). This test consisted of 4 concentration treatments, namely, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, and 200 ppm with each comparison of vitamin C with a concentration of 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm and 8 ppm. By testing using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry. The results of this study obtained a linear equation Y = 0.0005x + 0.4172, so the IC50 value is 119.84 (μg/ml), this means that the level of antioxidant activity of bidara leaf extract is moderate.

PH is an important parameter in cosmetic products because it is very high or low pH can caused skin irritation. SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) is a universal indicator that describes the effectiveness of a product or substance that is UV protector. The Moringa plant which has a Latin name called Moringa oleifera or in English it is called a drumstick plant is a plant that is a vegetable that is full of nutrients and has various types of uses. This study aims to determine the pH levels and SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) values contained in the sunblock cream of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera L.). In this study, pH levels were tested by weighing sunblock cream with a concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% then dissolved into aquadest and then tested for pH levels using a pH meter which resulted in pH levels of 6.89 for a concentration of 1%, 6.73 for a concentration of 3% and 6.60 for 5% concentration. While the determination of the SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) value was carried out by weighing the sunblock cream with a concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% then dissolved in ethanol then precipitated using a centrifuge and the absorption was measured using a spectrophotometer which resulted in a SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) value of 7.012 with the category of extra protection, for 1% concentration that 7.275 with extra protection category for 3% concentration and 9.397 with maximum protection for 5% concentration.

Coliform bacteria contamination of food and beverages may result from various causes, one of which is faecal contamination, leading to serious health issues. Drinking water contamination of coliform bacteria >50/100 mL has been found to be responsible for diarrhea episode. Local regulation has determined the cut-off point of its contamination within commercial beverages not to exceed 3/mL. No such study has ever been conducted in Ternate. To determine the exact value of coliform bacteria within street beverages sold in various city parks in Ternate. This descriptive was carried out through laboratory testing of street beverages obtained from various city parks in Ternate. The most probable number test for coliform bacteria was carried out at the Technical Implementation Unit, Basic and Integrated Laboratory, North Maluku from December 2021-January 2022. The presumption test and the affirmation test were conducted accordingly. From 22 instant powdered ice drinks samples obtained from Toboko, Falajawa 1, Nukila, Landmark, and Film Benteng parks, 90,9% contained coliform bacteria exceeding the cut-off value. Coliform bacteria contamination in the city parks within Ternate has exceeded the quality standard threshold based on Indonesian National Standard 7388 of 2009. Further research is needed to confirm this.

Black papper seed extract has known for its antivitiligo potential. The addition of black papper seed extract was predicted can influence the physical stability of the cream. Therefore, this research was aimed to test the physical stability of cream contained black papper seed extract in varity of emulgator there is tween® 60-span® 60, tween® 80-span® 80, novemer®, dan viscolam®. Physical stability test using the cycling test method by storing the preparation at 4 ° ± 2 ° C for 24 hours and then storing it at 40°±2°C) for 24 hours. The storage time at these two different temperatures is considered as one cycle and carried out for 12 days. The stability parameters were organoleptic observations, homogeneity, dispersion, pH, viscosity and cycling test results. The results showed that there were differences in organoleptic values, pH, viscosity, homogeneity and dispersibility. The most stable cream was obtained, namely the cream formula using emulgator Tween® 60-span® 60, had a good organoleptic value, cream type m/a, pH 5.10, viscosity 46,800 cPs, spreadability 4.2 cm2, homogeneous cream . The results of this study indicate that black pepper seed extract cream can be formulated into a stable cream preparation.

Rhodamine B is a syntheticdye use in paper, textile, and ink dyes. This compound can irritate the respiratory tract and cause cancer with liver damage. The present study aimed to find out the levels of rhodamine B contained in lipstick. It relied on qualitative and quantitative testing. The qualitative testing applied the thin-layer chromatography method with ethyl acetat eluent: n-buthanol : ammonia with the best ratio of 20:55:25. Meanwhile quantitative testing used the UV-Vis Specrophotometry method. It was shown from the quantitative test using thin-layer chromatography that three samples of lipstick contained rhodamine B. Further, the quantitative test with the UV-Vis spectrophotometry indicated that the levels of rhodamine B were measured at 6.62 µg/mL with 0.662%

The use of conventional drugs in overcoming dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is known to cause side effects. Alternative medicine that can be done to overcome dysmenorrhea by using red ginger. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of knowledge of age in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University, Department of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Nursing about the benefits of red ginger in reducing dysmenorrhea. This research is a descriptive observational study using a cross sectional research design. The technique used in sampling is purposive sampling technique. The research instrument was an online questionnaire in the form of a google form. Univariate analysis was used to describe the distribution of respondents from each variable. The results showed that respondents with a good level of knowledge aged 17-18 years were 57 (82.61%) respondents, respondents aged 19-20 years were 131 (81.88%), and respondents aged 21-22 years were found. as many as 68 (88.31%). The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge of female students about the benefits of using red ginger in overcoming dysmenorrhea is quite good (83.66%).

The cause of hypertension is not clearly known, but risk factors that cause hypertension are found, namely the elderly or the elderly, in the form of a family history of hypertension, excess body weight and excessive salt levels. Hypertension is the third leading cause of death in Indonesia with a CFR (Case Fetality Rate) of 4.81%. Causes of the elderly suffer from hypertension due to reduced work functions in the human body. This study aims to determine the characteristics (gender and age) and classes of drugs prescribed to outpatient hypertension patients at RSUD Dr. Achmad Diponegoro Putussibau. This research is an observational study with a retrospective descriptive research design. From the results of the study, it was found that there were 55 hypertension patients with medical record data, based on gender the number of women was 62% and based on the age of 60-74 years by 80%. The class of drugs that are widely used are ACE-Inhibitors by 31%. Comorbidities that often accompany hypertension patients are diabetes mellitus by 40%. The dosage form is tablets by 90%, with the route of using the drug orally by 100%. The conclusion is that the use of drugs in hypertensive patients in the outpatient installation of RSUD Dr. Achmad Diponegoro Putussibau is mostly women. The majority occur at the age of 60-74 years, the most widely used drug class is the ACE-Inhibitor group with tablet dosage form and the oral route of use is the most widely used.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hypertension became a comorbid with the highest number of deaths. As a health student, it is important to have knowledge related to hypertension and antihypertensive drugs as a basis for providing education to the public. The purpose of this study is to evaluate college students level of knowledge regarding antihypertensive drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a descriptive observational research with a cross sectional at the Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University. Samples were gathered by purposive sampling with a total of 338 respondents who are active students of the S-1 study program class 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021. The research instrument is a questionnaire in the form of a google form, with a Guttman scale and analyzed using univariate to describe variables study. The results showed that the level of knowledge of students in the good category was 56.71% with 186 respondents. The level of knowledge in the good category according to the age factor was 58.72% with 101 students in the age range of 19-20 years. According to the gender factor, the level of knowledge of students in the good category was 56.76% with 147 students with the majority being women. The conclusion from the research is that most of the knowledge levels of students at the Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University, show a good level of knowledge about hypertension and hypertension drugs.

Quality refers to compliance with predetermined standards or by requirements. The minimum service standard (MSS) in the health sector at the hospital is crucial because it is a measure of the hospital's performance of health services. This study was intended to describe the service quality in the pharmacy installation of Toto Hospital in Kabila based on four indicators of minimum pharmacy service standards, viz. drug waiting time for treatment completion, the absence of drug administration errors, customer satisfaction, and prescription writing according to the formulary. This descriptive cross-sectional research involved 154 outpatients and inpatients for the category of prescription writing according to the formulary and 154 outpatients for other categories as respondents as samples. Besides, the instruments were a customer satisfaction questionnaire and observation sheet. The results showed that the indicators of waiting time were nine minutes seven seconds and 18 minutes six seconds for concocted drug treatment; there was no error in administering drugs by 100%; customer satisfaction was 86.9%, and; prescription writing according to the formulary was 92.7%. . It was concluded that the Pharmacy Installation of Toto Hospital had not met the specified Minimum Service Standards (MSS).

Diclofenac sodium is a Transfersom is a transdermal delivery system consisting of phospholipids and edge activators. Transfersom increases the size of the stratum corneum lipid barrier pores, then enters the skin through the drive of the trans-barrier motion and squeezes itself to follow the lipid barrier pore size. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the tween-80 concentration as an edge activator on the characteristics and diffusion rate of diclofenac sodium transfersom. Transferom preparation used the vortex-sonication method which was made in five formulae with variations in the concentration ratio of phosphatidylcholine and tween-80 (95:05, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, and 75:25). The results show that all five formulae have different morphological forms. The results of statistical tests using One-Way ANOVA finds a significant effect (p-value) of the edge activator concentration on the diffusion rate of diclofenac sodium transfersom.

Dayak Onions are a typical Borneo plant that have been used by generations of Dayaks as herbal medicine. Empirically, tubers can be used as cough medicines. The purpose of this study was to determine the mucolytic effect of Dayak onion tuber extract by in vitro and the concentration range which gaves an equivalent effect with the effect of 0.1% acetylcysteine. This study conducted extraction using maceration. The test solution was made with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% mixed with a mucus-phosphate buffer pH 7 20:80. The test solution was incubated for 30 minutes at 37oC. Further, positive control used was 0.1% acetylcysteine drug and the negative control was mucus solution without extract. Viscosity values obtained were analyzed using the One-way Anova statistical test with a confidence level of 99% (α 0.01). Based on the results, it was revealed that the extract of Dayak tuber with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% showed a significant difference and a concentration of 0.5%. Mucolytic effectiveness was better than positive controls (acetylcysteine).

Typhoid fever has the highest incidence in children. Treatment for typhoid fever uses antibiotics. Increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem. This study was conducted to determine the differences in the effectiveness of antibiotics in the treatment of typhoid fever on the heat-free time and the length of treatment for pediatric patients in the inpatient ward of the X Hospital, Kediri City. This research is a descriptive analysis research. A retrospective study was conducted using medical records in 2017. Data were collected by purposive sampling. Data were taken on pediatric patients with typhoid fever aged 5-11 years. The statistical test used to analyze the effectiveness of therapy in pediatric patients with typhoid fever was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The sample used in this study were 38 pediatric patients. The antibiotics used were ciprofloxacin 52.63%, ceftriaxone 28.95%, cefuroxim 10.53%, and penicillin 7.89%. The results of the analysis of differences in the effectiveness of antibiotics against heat-free time obtained a sig value 0.05 (0.947) and a sig value 0.05 (0.329) for the length of treatment. There was no significant difference in heat-free time and length of treatment between ceftriaxone, cefuroxim, ciprofloxacin and penicillin.

Acalypha indica L. is a species of wild plant that has secondary metabolites are used as medicine, but the usage is not optimized yet. The objective of of this study was to determine secondary metabolites content, location and distribution of secondary metabolites, and also the capacity for antioxidant. Secondary metabolites content was determined included phenol, flavonoids, tannin of chloroform and methanol extracts from Acalypha indica L. root, using spectrophotometre. Histochemical test was done by making fresh sliced preparation which was reacted with reagent. Antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH method. The result of this study showed that secondary metabolites content of chloroform extract, were phenol 9,89 ± 0,77 %GAE, flavonoids 5,87 ± 1,40 %QE, and tannin 3,33 ± 1,21 %GAE, while methanol extract were phenol 45,11 ± 4,86 %GAE, flavonoids 19,87 ± 0,61 %QE, and tannin 6,76 ± 0,31 %GAE. Histochemical test showed that phenol, flavonoids, tannin, and alkaloids were found in Acalypha indica L. root. Antioxidant activity showed the IC50 value was 161,81 ± 7,88 μg/mL for chloroform extract and 92,81 ± 4,33 μg/mL for methanol extract.

Daun Ekor Kucing (Acalypha hispida Burm.f.) merupakan jenis tanaman hias yang telah dikenal masyarakat Indonesia untuk pengobatan, namun belum ada penelitian untuk meneliti toksisitas akut daun ekor kucing. Tanaman ini mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ketoksikan akut ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing (A. hispida Burm.f.) terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai LC50. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan 300 ekor larva udang (Artemia salina Leach) yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok kontrol negatif dan 5 kelompok seri konsentrasi ekstrak. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 10 ekor larva dengan replikasi 3 kali untuk tiap kelompok perlakuan. Kelima kelompok perlakuan diberi suspensi sediaan uji ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm, dan 1.000 ppm. Data kematian Artemia salina Leach dianalisis dengan analisis probit untuk mengetahui nilai LC50. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan harga LC50 dari ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing adalah 220,005 ppm. Ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing memiliki potensi toksisitas akut terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach menurut metode BSLT yang ditunjukkan dengan harga LC50 1.000 ppm.

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L) merupakan tanaman yang berfungsi sebagai agen hemostatik eksternal Bleeding time merupakan waktu saat mulai terjadinya perdarahan hingga terbentuk sumbat trombosit dan vasokontriksi pembuluh darah sehingga darah berhenti mengalir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) dalam menghentikan pendarahan pada mencit jantan dengan menggunakan penelitian eksperimental. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode Duke. Ekstraksi daun bandotan dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian diuji skrining fitokimia. Hasil skrining menyatakan positif mengandung flavonoid dan tannin. Hewan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 25 ekor mencit, dibagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberi Aquadest, Kelompok 2 diberi obat Epinefrin 1mg/1ml, Kelompok 3 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 10%, Kelompok 4 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 20%, dan kelompok 5 diberikan ekstrak etanol daun bandotan 40%. %. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik ANNOVA (p0,01) Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan waktu henti pendarahan dari setiap kelompok perlakuan dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD (Least Significant Different). Konsentrasi ekstrak daun bandotan yang memiliki efektivitas dalam menghentikan pendarahan terbaik adalah konsentrasi 40%.

The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of flavonoids contained in the sembung leaf methanol extract. To identify the flavonoid content, Spectrophotometry UV-Vis method. Further, the analysis of methanol extract flavonoid in sembung leaves was carried out at a wavelength of 382 nm with successive absorbance values of 0.094; 0.090; 0.084. The total content of flavonoids in the sample was calculated by calibrating the absorbance value of the example with a standard linear equation of quercetin, y = 0.060 x -0.016 with a correlation coefficient (R2) = 0.997, and; the average total flavonoid content in the methanol extract of the leaves was 0.175%.

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) is one of the plants that has high antioxidant activity, especially in the leaves. Emulgel is one of the topical dosage which dermatologically has several beneficial properties, namely thixotropic, not oily, easy to spread, easy to clean, soft, easy to wash, long lasting, transparent and comfortable when used. The purpose of this research was to formulate moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves extract into emulgel dosage forms and determine the antioxidant activity of the dosage using DPPH method.The research began with extraction of moringa leaves and optimization of the base by varying the concentration of carbopol 940 as gelling consisting of F1 0.5%, F2 1%, F3 1.5% and F4 2%. The base that met the requirements of good physical stability was F2. The F2 base was then made into emulgel dosage with 3 concentration variations of the extract, namely F2a 4%, F2b 5% and F2c 6%. The physical stability test result of each formula met the organoleptic test,the pH test, the dispersion test, the adhesion test, the viscosity test, and the freeze-thaw test. The One way ANOVA statistical test result showed that the p value was greater than 0.05, which meant that the emulgel dosage had good physical stability. The IC50values of each antioxidant activity result were F2a (t0 = 120.464 g/mL; t28 = 144.887 g/mL), F2b (t0 = 113.642 g/mL; t28 = 128.407g/mL), F2c (t0 = 74.745 g/mL; t28 = 90.618 g/mL). The statistical results of the t-test showed thep value = 0,027, (0.05), This indicated that there were significant difference results of the antioxidant activity test between the three formulas on the first day (t0) and on the 28th day (t28).

Research has been carried out on the analysis of physic properties of green bean extract powder (Phaseolus vulgaris L). This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of the bean extract powder that has been stored in a predetermined time variation. The physic properties tested included water content, solubility and organoleptic tests. The results of the sample water content test with storage variations of less than 1, 1, 2 and 3 months respectively were 5.55%, 2.86%, 3.83% and 3.54% and the solubility was 42.67%, 33, 84%, 44.51% and 34.33% for Artificial Gastrid Fluid (AGF) solvents and 31.79%, 35.08%, 43.24 and 34.52% for Water solvents. The results of the organoleptic test showed that the color of the bean extract powder sample with a storage time of ± 2 months was the most preferred by the panelists, Fresh samples had the highest average scores for taste and aroma, of the panelist samples preferred the samples that had been stored for ± 3 months

Diuretics are compounds or drugs that can increase urine volume. This study focused on exploring the activity and concentration of ethanol extract of lamtoro leaves (Leucaenaleucocephala L.) as a diuretic in male house mice (Musmusculus) using experimental research. The method used was to observe the physical activity of urine produced for 120 minutes. Lamtoro leaves extraction was done by maceration using solvent ethanol, then phytochemical screening tests. The screening results stated positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins. The animals used were 25 house mice, divided into 5 groups. Group 1 was given Na-CMC 1% w/v suspension, group 2 with furosemide suspension 0.0041% w/v, group 3 with 25% w/v lamtoro leaf ethanol extract, group 4, ethanol extract 50% w/l lamtoro leaf , and group 5 was ethanol extract 75% w/v of lamtoro leaves. Urine volume of the house mice was measured at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 minutes.

Tomatoes are well-known as the source of antioxidants due to the content of lycopene, i.e., a potential free radical inhibitor. Gel peel-off masks are among the chemical products containing antioxidants. The first step of the study was extracting tomato fruits by macerating the fruits using alcohol solvents 96%. The obtained thick extract was used as the material of the gel mask; the percentage of the extract comprised 3% (F1), 5% (F2), and 7% (F3), and it used PVA basis 11% and viscolam 3%. According to the result, the gel peel-off masks meet the requirements of physical and storage stability evaluation. The result of the antioxidant test reveals that the IC50 value of the three masks is F1 189.22 µg/mL, F2 89.34 µg/mL, and F3 36.77 µg/mL. Further, the result of T-Test reveals that P-value = 0.019 (α = 0.05), indicating a difference in the result of the antioxidant test of the three formulae in day one (t0) and day 28 (t28).

The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus are round bacteria that are shaped like a cocci, and are Gram-positive. These bacteria can be found on the skin, genitals, nasal cavity, mouth and around the anus. One of the pharmaceutical products that can maintain skin health and protect the skin is soap. The leaves of noni (M. citrifolia L.) contain various compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids which are capable of being antibacterial. This study aims to make a liquid soap formulation from M. citrifolia L. leaf extract and its activity as an antibacterial to S aureus. The leaves of M. citrifolia L. were extracted using 96% ethanol solvent by maceration method until a thick extract was obtained. Soap formulations are made with a concentration of 20% 40% and 60%. Evaluation of soap quality includes organoleptic test, high foam test and pH test. The method of antibacterial testing is carried out in vitro by means of well diffusion. The results on the quality test of the liquid soap formulation showed that the pH and height of the foam had good results and had met the SNI 1996 Standards. From the results showed that formulation III with an extract content of 60% had a large antimicrobial activity with a value of 16.83 mm which was categorized as strong. In positive control (Dettol) 60% antimicrobial activity showed a value of 14.83 mm. The results of statistical tests were carried out by One-Way ANOVA analysis followed by LSD analysis Post hoc, liquid soap extract of M. citrifolia L. had greater antimicrobial potential than the positive control (Dettol).

Jamu is a traditional medicine that contains ingredients or ingredients derived from plants, animals, minerals, or mixtures of these ingredients that have been hereditary for medicinal use. However, some industry players add Medicinal Chemicals (BKO) such as mefenamic acid into herbal medicine. This study aims to determine the validity of the method in the analysis of mefenamic acid by UV-Vis spectrophotometry on herbs circulating in several markets in Kendari City. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling method so that it gets 5 herbal samples. The study began with method validation to ensure the accuracy of the method in determining the level of mefenamic acid in the sample. The results of the method validation show that this method is good for detecting the presence of mefenamic acid BKO in herbal medicine with a validation parameter value that is the correlation value (r) of 0.998; detection limit (LOD) 0.48 µg / mL; limit of quantification (LOQ) 1.63 µg / mL; intraday and interday precision expressed with the value of relative standard deviation% respectively 0.014% and 0.013%; and the accuracy stated in% recovery is 95.41% (80%), 99.04% (100%), and 102.5% (120%). The results of the analysis of the sample using a validated method showed that there were herbs with mefenamic acid BKO content of 0.8%.

Excessive salt consumption is one of the hypertension and kidney disease factors, while telmisartan is one of antihypertensive drugs used in the therapy. Telmisartan not only blocks angiotensin receptor which leads to the decrease of blood pressure, but also activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and inhibits transforming growth expression factor of beta-1 (TGFβ-1). Whether telmisartan decreases the kidney collagen volume fraction of excessive NaCl-induced Wistar rats are studied in this experiment. Twenty five male Wistars 2.5-3 months of age and 100-150 g BW rats were used in this research. They were grouped into 5, each consists of 5 rats. Group I (G I) as first negative control did not receive NaCl and telmisartan. G II as second negative control received NaCl but not telmisartan. G III, IV and V received NaCl and telmisartan 3, 6 and 12 mg/kg BW. The treatments were given every day within 8 weeks. At the day of 56 all rats were sacrificed by mean of neck dislocation and operated to take the kidney. The collagen was stained by picrosirius red staining. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. They were analyzed by parametric test (analysis of variance-ANOVA and paired samples t-test) or nonparametric test (Kruskal-Wallis). A value of p0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that intraglomerular and extraglomerular collagen volume fraction were lower in telmisartan-treated Wistar rats group than negative control group (0.05p0.05). In conclusion, intraglomerular and extraglomerular collagen volume fraction were lower in 8% sodium chloride-induced and telmisartan-treated male Wistar rats than the items of negative control group.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in insulin due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and/ or insulin resistance. Hypoglycemia is one of the main risks that DM patients often to suffer. in Type 2 DM, hypoglycemia is the most common side effect of the use of insulin and sulfonylureas. It is because of their modes of action . Hypoglycaemia presents a major barrier to satisfactory long term glycemic control and remains a feared complication of diabetes treatment. Acute and chronic complications of hypoglycemia can interfere with life, such as social interactions, sleep, sexual activity, driving, sports, and other activities. Blood glucose monitoring needs to be done to prevent the risk of hypoglycemia. Patients treated with insulin, sulfonylureas/glinides are advised to check blood glucose any time hypoglycemia is going to happen.

Diarrhea still become main health problem especially in several developing countries including Indonesia. Hharendong leaf have been used by people traditionally as the treatment of various Gastrointestinal tract disorders including diarrhea. The purpose of this study was tested antidiarrhea and antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of the three selected plants. The extraction was conducted using reflux method with ethanol 96% as solvent. Extract was fractinated by liquid-liquid extraction methods using n-hexane and ethylacetate solvents gradually. Antimicrobial activity assays was performed by using broth microdiluiton methods toward extract and fractions of plants selected. Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella typhi. were used as microbes test. Antidiarhhea activity was tested to diarrhea animal induced by castor oil. Dosage test was given one hour before induction then carried out observations of feces (frequency, consistency and weight). Transit intestinal method was also performed in this experiment with comparing the length of the intestinal through by marker with the total length of the intestine. Antidiarrhea activity result have shown that Harendong leaf extract at the doses 50 and 100 mg/kg BW showed decreased of frequency ,consistency and weight of feces better than another extract. Ethylacetate fraction of the leaf harendong showed antibacterial activity to Shigella dysenteriae ( MIC of 128 µg/ml), dan Salmonella typhi (MIC 512 µg/ml), and fraction n-heksan of the leaf harendong showed antibacterial activity to Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi the MIC 512 µg/ml.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia). This research aims to know the effect of adding combination of red onion (Allium cepa L.) extract and metformin against male house mice (Mus musculus) on reducing the blood glucose level. This study uses oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to determine the body's ability to tolerate the glucose administration by using 18 male house mice (Mus musculus) that divided into 6 groups and each group consisting of 3 mice. Group I as the negative control given 1% of NaCMC suspension; Group II as the Positive Control given metformin suspension of 1.95 mg; Group III as the Positive Control given red onion extract suspension of 7.5 mg; group IV as the Positive Control given red onion extract suspension of 15 mg; group V as the Treatment Control I given a combination of onion extract suspension 7.5 mg + metformin 1,95 mg; and group VI as the Treatment Control II given red onion extract suspension of 15 mg + metformin 1,95 mg. This research result is then analysed using One-Way Anova statistical method. The obtained results show that the dose of the Treatment Control II has significant effect on reducing the blood glucose level. This research needs to be followed up by looking at the effectiveness of the drugs combination.

Hypercholesterolemia is a state of increased levels of LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) and total cholesterol in the plasma. Stevia leaves have benefits to overcome hypercholesterolemia. The aimed of this study was to obtain ethanol extracts of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves which have activity to reduce total cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia with effective doses. The method that will be carried out to achieve this goal was to make extracts by maceration of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf powder using a water solvent for 5 days. Testing antihypercholesterolemia activity by giving treatment to 20 male white rats. Rats were divided into 5 treatment groups. Group I was negative control, II was simvastatin control, III extract was 30 mg / 200 g BW, IV extract was 60 mg / 200 g BW, V extract was 120 mg / 200 g BW. The mice were induced by propylthiouracil 12.5 mg / day and high-fat feed for 21 days, after which the rats were given the test for 14 days. Cholesterol levels were measured on days 0, 21st and 28th. The method of determining cholesterol levels uses the Easy Touch tool. On the 35th day, a total cholesterol level was examined and data analysis was performed. The results showed that the ethanol extract of stevia leaves had antihypercholesterolemia activity, extract dose of 30 mg / 200 g BW had antihypercholesterolemia activity which was equivalent to simvastatin.

The bacteria that cause infections that can lead to high morbidity and mortality, the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bangle has a pharmacological activity as antibacterial, laxative, pancreatic lipase inhibitor, and protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. The purpose of this study are: to know the chemical constituents present in the extract of leaves bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) Can be efficacious as an antibacterial and knowing Minimal Inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts of leaves bangle against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tests on the leaf extracts for antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bangle made by the method of Kirby Bauer and solvents used are DMSO. Test solution with a concentration of leaf extract bangle 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 ppm, the positive control solution (ciprofoxacin) and the solution negative control (DMSO). The results showed that the chemical constituents present in the extract of leaves bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) Are flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and steroids. Value Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract of the leaf bangle S bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a concentration of 40 % with an average diameter of 5.44 mm inhibitory. MIC extract ethanol extract of leaf bangle belonging to the bacterial activity that is strong enough..

The ability of mosquitoes as a vector of various diseases such as dengue and malaria. One of the most commonly used methods of eradicating mosquitoes is chemical insecticides aimed at killing adult mosquitoes, which also creates its own problems, namely the emergence of mosquito resistance and toxic effects on humans. Therefore, alternative insecticides that are safer for the environment are needed from plants. One of them uses celery plants (Apium graveolens Linn.). Celery contains essential oils which act as respiratory poisons that can repel or kill mosquitoes. This study aims to see the effect of methanol extract of celery leaves as insecticides on mosquitoes, carried out by spraying on mosquitoes in confinement. Spraying using water as a negative control, baygon as a positive control and each extract solution 5% b / v, 10% b / v and 15% b / v. Spraying on each cage is done 8 times, ie 2 times from the left side of the cage, 2 times from the right side of the cage, 2 times from the front of the cage and 2 times from the back of the cage. The results showed that testing of methanol extract of celery leaves at a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% could work as a mosquito-killing insecticide.