Cardiovascular complications are the main problems associated with end stage renal disease (ESRD) in adult, which began renal replacement therapy (RRT) in childhood. One of the factors contributing to this can be an imbalance of blood lipids. Aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the lipid profile in children with ESRD, depending on the RRT method and age, and also after kidney transplantation depending on the glomerular filtration rate. Materials and methods. In 91 children with ESRD at the age of 2–17 years who received peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD), or after kidney transplantation (Tx), total cholesterol (CH), triglycerides (TG), lipoproteins high density (HDL) ) were measured in 663 samples of blood and calculated fraction of non–HDL (CH – HDL). Dyslipidemia was defined as TG>1,13 mmol/1 (0–9years) and >1,47mmol/l (10–17years), CH> 5,18mmol/l, non–HDL >3,7mmol/l, HDL