Silicone sling frontalis suspension for congenital ptosis: Outcome of 174 consecutive cases

Abstract

Background Frontalis suspension (FS) is the treatment of choice in congenital ptosis with poor levator function. We report the surgical outcome of FS using a double triangle configuration of silicone slings in children. Methods A retrospective cohort study of all paediatric patients with simple myogenic congenital ptosis repaired with FS over a 12-year period (2009-2020). Each silicone sling was secured by simple knots. Pre- and post-operative margin reflex distance (MRD1) measurements were determined from clinical photographs using ImageJ Software. Main outcome measures were improvement in eyelid height, eyelid asymmetry, reoperation rate and timing. Results One hundred and thirty nine patients (174 eyes) were included, with 35 (25%) having bilateral surgery. Mean (+/- SD) age was 1.4 +/- 1.9 years. Mean follow up time was 32 +/- 20.5 months. Sixteen patients (11%) had a history of previous ptosis repair surgery. Mean MRD1 improved by an average of 1.5 mm. The final MRD1 in the group of patients who did not have a second procedure was a mean of 2.1 mm. The MRD1 difference between both eyes in all unilateral cases improved from 2.5 mm preoperatively to 1.2 mm at final visit (p < 0.001). In the 123 cases without a history of previous ptosis surgery, repeat ptosis repair was performed in 37 (30%) patients, 34.9 +/- 19.9 months after the initial procedure. Overall, repeat repair was performed in 47 patients (34%). Conclusions Double triangle silicone sling frontalis suspension has a favourable outcome in two-thirds of paediatric patients with simple myogenic congenital ptosis. Failed cases can be addressed with a second repair, using either autogenous fascia lata or a second silicone sling.