Mesenchymal Stem Cells Do Not Lose Direct Labels Including Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and DFO-89Zr Chelates through Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles
Open Access
- 29 June 2021
- Vol. 11 (7), 484
- https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070484
Abstract
Rapidly ageing populations are beset by tissue wear and damage. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is considered a solution. Years of research point to two important aspects: (1) the use of cellular imaging to achieve sufficient precision of therapeutic intervention, and the fact that (2) many therapeutic actions are executed through extracellular vesicles (EV), released by stem cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to interrogate cellular labels in the context of EV release. We studied clinically applicable cellular labels: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), and radionuclide detectable by two main imaging modalities: MRI and PET. We have demonstrated effective stem cell labeling using both labels. Then, we obtained EVs from cell cultures and tested for the presence of cellular labels. We did not find either magnetic or radioactive labels in EVs. Therefore, we report that stem cells do not lose labels in released EVs, which indicates the reliability of stem cell magnetic and radioactive labeling, and that there is no interference of labels with EV content. In conclusion, we observed that direct cellular labeling seems to be an attractive approach to monitoring stem cell delivery, and that, importantly, labels neither locate in EVs nor affect their basic properties.Keywords
Funding Information
- Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (2019-MSCRFD-5154)
This publication has 24 references indexed in Scilit:
- Biomaterial-based extracellular vesicle delivery for therapeutic applicationsActa Biomaterialia, 2021
- Exosomes and Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Theranostic Platforms in Cancer ResearchCells, 2020
- Mesenchymal stem cells as a multimodal treatment for nervous system diseasesStem Cells Translational Medicine, 2020
- Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate neuroinflammation evoked by focal brain injury in ratsJournal of Neuroinflammation, 2019
- Stem cell-based regenerative medicineStem Cell Investigation, 2019
- Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: From Roots to BoostThe International Journal of Cell Cloning, 2019
- Are Stem Cells the Next Generation of Stroke Therapeutics?Stroke, 2018
- Pre- and postmortem imaging of transplanted cellsInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, 2015
- Mesoporous Silica-Coated Hollow Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles as Positive T1 Contrast Agents for Labeling and MRI Tracking of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem CellsJournal of the American Chemical Society, 2011
- Exosomes: Extracellular organelles important in intercellular communicationJournal of Proteomics, 2010