Rhythm of seasonal development of woody vines of the Vitaceae Juss. family in the conditions of introduction in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

To investigate the phenorhythmics of introduced woody vines of the family Vitaceae of the genus Ampelopsis Michx. and Parthenocissus Planch., to determine the possibilities of their use in cultural phytocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Phenological observations were conducted during 2012–2014. Plants of the investigated taxa belong to the collection fund of the exposition-collection area “Climbing plants” of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanic Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. The distribution by phenogroups of the investigated plants and the construction of the phenospectrum of seasonal development were performed using appropriate methods. Results.The end of the vegetation of the representatives of the genus Parthenocissus occurred before the end of the growing season 16.X ±6,13 (P. inserta)–23.X ±7,41(P. tricuspidata Veitchii’), and in plants of the genus Ampelopsis coincided with this date 4.XI ±7,36 (A. aconitifolia f. glabra)–13.XI ±7,85(A. brevipedunculata). Flowering of the representatives of the genus Parthenocissus lasted 22,3 ±4,1 (P. tricuspidata Veitchii’)–81,7±2,1 (P. quinquefolia f. engelmannii) days, and plants of the genus Ampelopsis – 98,3±7,7 (A. aconitifolia)–107,0 ±7,3 (A. brevipedunculata) days. The period from tying to ripening of fruits in representatives of the genus Parthenocissus was 47,0 ±5,66 (P. quinquefolia)–59,0 ±3,74 (P. tricuspidata Veitchii’) days, and plants of the genus Ampelopsis – 35,7 ±3,77 (A. aconitifolia f. glabra)–41,3±5,79 (A. brevipedunculata) days. Conclusions. It was found that members of the genus Parthenocissus are characterized by timely entry into the period of winter dormancy, shorter flowering period and longer fruit ripening compared with plants of the genus Ampelopsis. Given the native areals of plants of the studied species, which cover dry with low rainfall and cold wet regions, we can conclude that they are all characterized by high plasticity and resistance to environmental conditions, as phenological observations noted their annual flowering and fruiting. This indicates a high degree of compliance of their genetically fixed phenorhythmics with the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.