Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Bioimaging – An Immune Perspective
Open Access
- 15 June 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Immunology
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) bear big hopes in nanomedicine due to their (potential) applications in tumor therapy, drug delivery or bioimaging. However, as foreign entities, such particles may be recognized by the immune system and, thus, lead to inflammation, hypersensitivity or anaphylactic shock. In addition, an overload with iron is known to cause oxidative stress. In this short review, we summarize the biological effects of such particles with a major focus on IONP-formulations used for bioimaging purposes and their effects on the human immune system. We conclude that especially the characteristics of the particles (size, shape, surface charge, coating, etc.) as well as the presence of bystander substances, such as bacterial endotoxin are important factors determining the resulting biological and immunological effects of IONPs. Further studies are needed in order to establish clear structure-activity relationships.Funding Information
- Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (731032, 814530)
This publication has 94 references indexed in Scilit:
- Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Micelles (ION-Micelles) for Sensitive (Molecular) Magnetic Particle Imaging and Magnetic Resonance ImagingPLOS ONE, 2013
- Toxicity Assessment of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Early Life StagesPLOS ONE, 2012
- Molecular imaging of microglia/macrophages in the brainGlia, 2012
- Mechanism of Cellular Uptake and Impact of Ferucarbotran on Macrophage PhysiologyPLOS ONE, 2011
- Effects of Nanoparticle Size on Cellular Uptake and Liver MRI with Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Coated Iron Oxide NanoparticlesACS Nano, 2010
- Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Potential Therapeutic Applications in Neurooncology and Central Nervous System Inflammatory Pathologies, a ReviewJournal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, 2009
- Specific Targeting of Brain Tumors with an Optical/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Nanoprobe across the Blood-Brain BarrierCancer Research, 2009
- Nanoparticle interaction with plasma proteins as it relates to particle biodistribution, biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacyAdvanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2009
- Biochemical safety profiles of gadolinium‐based extracellular contrast agents and nephrogenic systemic fibrosisJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2007
- Tomographic imaging using the nonlinear response of magnetic particlesNature, 2005